556 F. SUMICIIRAST ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL 



region, in the midst of the pine forests., proves that these conditions may be met with at any 

 altitude. 



140. GraUaria, guatemaknsisl Hot region. This species, if correctly named, without being 

 common in any portion, is found in the hot region of the department. I have seen it at 

 Uvero, near San Andres Tuxtla, at Potrero (590 metres), at Omealca, etc. 



141. Grattaria — — ? Alpine region. I found, a few years since at Moj-oapam (2500 

 metres), one of the most characteristic of the alpine localities, a GraUaria exactly resembling 

 in its colors the one which I call, correctly or incorrectly, the G. guatemalerms, but of 

 a length much greater than the specimen of the latter that I possess. Is it to be referred 

 to the alpine form of the G. mexicanus Scl. ? 



142. Formicariiis moniliger. Hot region. This bird lives in the interior of the great 

 woods of the hot region. It is common in those of the Cerro de la Defensa near Potrero, 

 where it reaches the altitude of 800 metres, and perhaps more. By nature it is rather wild. 

 Its cry, when heard at a distance, is a series of ascending notes, not without some resemblance 

 to, though more sonorous than, that of the Caiherpcs mexicanus. It is almost always to be 

 seen on the ground, turning over with its beak the dry leaves or the moss in search of 

 insects. This habit has caused it, in some places, to be called a partridge. 



143. Thamnophilus melanocrissus. Hot region. An indigenous species of the hot lands, but 

 which is found to the height of 1000 metres in the wooded localities, which it frecpuents 

 exclusively. 



144. Thamnophilus doliafus. Vulg. Graniso. Temperate region. Very common in the 

 temperate region, where it is found to the altitude of about 1250 metres. 



TYRANNIDjE. 



The geographical distribution of the birds of this family is sufficiently well marked to 

 enable us to recognize at once from the bird itself the region to which it belongs. Certain 

 forms — the genera of Attila, Mionecies, Mytobius, Platyrhynchus, etc., are characteristic of the 

 hot region. Others live both in the hot and the temperate regions — Myioeetetes, Milvulus, 

 Scaphorhynchus, Myiodynastes ; the Coniopus does not leave the alpine region ; others again, 

 such as the Pyrocephalus, the Empidonax, etc., are cosmopolitan, and are found at all heights. 

 I am obliged, in my enumeration of the species belonging to the department, to omit 

 several with which I am acquainted, but the determination of which has left me in too much 

 doubt to mention them. 



145. Attila citreopygia. Hot region. Peculiar to the hot region, never rising, as I believe, 

 higher than 500 metres. 



146. Mionectcs assimilis. Hot region. Distribution analogous to the preceding. 



147. Milvulus forficalus. Vulg. Tijereta. Hot and temperate regions. This species is 

 an inhabitant of the hot lands ; but a £ew individuals ascend, though very rarely, to the 

 height of Orizaba, or 1220 metres. 



148. Milvulus tyrannus. Vulg. Tijereta. I do not know that this species is resident, 

 Abundant in winter in the savannahs of the hot lands, and occurring to the height of about 

 700 metres. 



149. Scaphorhynchus mexicanus. Vulg. Portugues-Bientaveo. Hot and temperate regions. 

 Belongs both to the hot and temperate country. Orizaba, or 1220 metres, is the extreme 

 limit of its vertical elevation. 



