5G0 F. SUMICHRAST ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL 



Thamnophilus melanocrissus. Oncostoma cinerei<nriare. 



Attila citreopypius. Platyrhynchus cancroma. 



Mionectea assimOis. Erator albitorques. 



Milvulus tyrannus. Lipaugus unirufus. 



Tyrannus intrepidus. Manacus candei. 



Myiarchua mexicanus. Pipra mentalis. 

 Myiobius sulphureipygius. 



We also find among the characteristic birds of the hot region, besides many others, 

 the following species, belonging to other families of birds not mentioned in these notes 

 and the above list : — 



Ceryle superciliosa. Spizoetus ornatus. 

 Momotus Lessoni. tyrannus. 



Hylomanea momotula. Buteo Ghiesbregbtii. 



Trogon puella. Asturina nitida. 



caligatus. Rosthramus sociabilis. 



melanocephalus. Falco femoralis. 



Massena. Peristera cinerea. 



Dryocopus guatemalensis. Geotrygou montana. 



Celeus eastaneus. Lepidsenas speciosa. 



Rbamphastos carinatus. Crax globicera. 



Pteroglossus torquatus. Penelope purpurascens. 



Conurus aztec. Ortalida vetula. 1 



holocblorus. Ortyx pectoralis. 



Chrysotis autumnalis. Odontophorus guttatus. 



ochroptera. Tinarnus robustus. 

 Herpetotliere cachinnans. 



A glance over the preceding list will enable us to appreciate readily the principal char- 

 acters, both negative and positive, that distinguish this region : — 



First, the inferiority in numbers of the Oscines in comparison with other subdivisions of 

 the Insessores. This inferiority, as we shall presently see, disappears as we advance in 

 height, and in the alpine region we find the Oscines comprising very nearly the whole of 

 the ornithological fauna. 



Second, the total absence of the three families of Oscines. Cinclidce, Paridce, and Coihi- 

 adm ; we might even add, without fear of being too exclusive, two others, Ampelidae and 

 Lamidaz. 



Third, the small numerical development of certain families very well represented in the 

 other regions, namely, Tardidce and Fringillidce. 



Passing from these negative characteristics to those which we may call positive, we may 

 remark in the hot region : — 



First, the presence of several families that are very nearly or completely wanting in both 

 the other regions, that is to say, Momotidce, Pipridce, Psittacidce (except Pionus senilis of the 

 temperate region, and Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha, of the alpine region), Rkamphastidce (except 

 Aulacoramphus prasinus), and Penelopidce (except Ortalida). 



Second, the maximum development of certain families essentially neotropical, as the Tan- 

 agridce, the Dendrocolaptidce, the Anabaiidce, and the Trogonidce. 



Third, the presence, in the orders of A.ccipitres and of Grallse of several species identical 

 with those of South America, e. g., Sol:, dux ornatus, S. tyrannus, Asti 'ida, Rosthramus 



1 Ortalida vetulat is found in both the hoi and temperate regions, bul is mo < in the former. 



