no. 1657. KINGFISHER GENUS RAMPHALCYON—OBERHOLSER. 673 



able from Ramphalcyon capensis simalurensis. So far as known 

 Ramphalcyon c. isoptera is confined to the Pagi Islands, though it 

 may, perhaps, be found on the islands lying just to the northwest. 

 The United States National Museum series of eight specimens is very 

 uniform, showing no differences between birds from North Pagi 

 Island and those from South Pagi Island, nor any very appreciable 

 individual variations, except in some cases a lightening of the pileum 

 or lower surface, due to wear of the plumage. 



Except in size, there seems to be less contrast between the sexes 

 than in some of the other subspecies, but the female is usually duller 

 and more brownish on the upper back and wings than the male 



RAMPHALCYON CAPENSIS SODALIS (Richmond). 



Pelargopsis sodalis Richmond, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., XXVI, 1903, p. 499 



(Pnlo Tuangku, Banjak Islands, western coast of Sumatra). 



Subspecific characters. — Similar to Ramphalcyon capensis simalu- 

 rensis, but much larger ; female with wings and tail more bluish, the 

 back less brownish, and the pileum somewhat paler. 



Measurements. — Two females: Wing, 158.5-161 (average, 159.8) ; 

 tail, 102-104 (average, 103) ; exposed culmen, 84.5-85.5 (average, 85) ; 

 tarsus, 19-21 (average, 20) mm. 



Type-locality. — Pulo Tuangku, Banjak Islands, western coast of 

 Sumatra. 



Geographical distribution. — Pulo Tuangku and probably the re- 

 maining Banjak Islands, off the northwestern coast of Sumatra. 



This race is, as would be expected from its geographical position, 

 intermediate between Ramphalcyon c. simalurensis and Ramphal- 

 cyon c. nesoeca, the form found on Nias. The females of R. c. 

 simalurensis and R. c. sodalis differ as above mentioned, but the 

 female of the latter is, except for its rather lighter pileum, practically 

 identical in color with the male of R. c. simalurensis. The male of 

 R. c. sodalis is unknown. This form is very similar to Ramphalcyon, 

 c. burmanica, being of the same size and same color below, but it is 

 distinguishable by its paler pileum, darker back, and more bluish 

 wings and tail. It is less like Ramphalcyon c. gurial, differing from 

 this as from R. c. burmanica, and additionally in its darker, more 

 uniformly ochraceous lower surface. It is much larger than Ram- 

 phalcyon capensis capensis, with a much less ochraceous pileum, more 

 greenish or brownish back, and less distinctly paler throat. From 

 all the above- described forms without a brown cap it is, of course, 

 readily separated. 



A second specimen has the pileum much paler than the type, show- 

 ing in this respect considerable individual variation, though part of 

 this may be due in this instance to wear. 

 Proc. N. M. vol. xxxv— 08 43 



