SOMATIC CHROMOSOMES IN VICIA 3oy 



phasic alveolization. Lundegârdh in igog described in Trolliiis anastomoses 

 and a médian vacuolization of the cliromosomes, which at that time he did 

 not regard as a longitudinal split. The next year (Lundegârdh, io), he con- 

 cluded from his work on Allium and Vicia that this axial vacuolization is 

 the beginning of a true split. He failed to hnd the spirals desci'ibed by 

 BoNNEviE, but States that the chromosomes fragment and join to torm the 

 karyosomes. In his most récent papers (Lundegârdh, 12b, C) he again 

 lays eniphasis upon the double nature of the chromosomes at telophase. 



According to Nêmec (10) the chromosomes oi Alliiim undergo vacuo- 

 lization without a true split. In Najas (Mûller, 11) the phenomena evi- 

 dcntly correspond to those described in the présent account, though the 

 figures of thèse stages are too few to make clear the détails. Fraser and 

 Snell (ii) hâve expressed the idea that in Mcia the chromosomes undergo 

 médian vacuolization, and that since they are connected by anastom.oses. 

 The gênerai enlargement of the nucleus produces a strain which pulls the 

 chromosomes apart along the line of vacuoles. This they regard as a true 

 telophasic split. In his work on Salamandra anà Allium Dehorne (ii) states 

 that each chromosome is represented at telophase by a pair of interlaced 

 spirals arising from an anaphasic split; he further holds that thèse double 

 structures are associated in pairs, and that the chromosomes are thus al- 

 ways in dyads, each member being split. This remarkable interprétation 

 has recently been criticized by Grégoire (12), who argues strongly against 

 the existence of such spirals as are described by either Dehorne or 

 Bonnevie. Granier and Boule (ii) report a telophasic splitting of the 

 chromosomes in Endymion, but as the paper ist not accompanied by 

 figures we are not able to ofter proper criticism. In a paper on Allium, 

 Schustow (i3) States that the split occurs through an axial vacuolization 

 at telophase. The figures given by Schustow are unconvincing. 



One or two further points regarding the telophase in ^^icia remain to 

 be mentioned. 



In the daughter nucleus no continuous spirem is formed, which stands 

 in accord with practically ail critical works on the subject. Merriman (04), 

 however, states that a more or less continuous spirem is produced. 



The nucleolus appears during the early telophase. On Phasa'olus and 

 Solarium (Martins Mano, 04) it arises independently of the chromatin. 

 Fraser and Snell (ii) state that in Vicia it appears as a drop or several 

 drops usually in relation to the chromosomes. The présent writer sees it 



