32 BARBOUR: ZOOGEOGRAPHY. 



ceivably have found its way back to Java again, whence its original ancestors 

 came, by the direct bridge to Celebes. I have separated a Lombok specimen 

 of Bufo biporcatus Tschudi under the name of Bufo cavator. I note that Roux 

 makes no such separation. Other important records of Amphibia from Lombok 

 are Bufo celebensis Gthr., and Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenhorst) . The 

 other locality visited by Elbert was Sumbawa, an important member of the 

 Lesser Sunda group, herpetologically another terra incognita. From this island 

 ten species of reptiles were obtained, none of them new or of particular impor- 

 tance from a zoogeographic point of view. Rana tigerina Daudin and Rana 

 microdisca Bttgr. were the only species of Amphibia taken. 



Celebes. 



We have more accurate information regarding the zoogeographical relation- 

 ships of Celebes than of any other island in the entire archipelago. This is 

 almost entirely due to the remarkable collections, and studies based upon them, 

 by the cousins, Drs. P. and F. Sarasin. The third volume of their work on 

 "Celebes," in which they have published the results of their trip, is entitled 

 "Ueber die geologische geschichte der Insel Celebes auf grund der thierver- 

 breitung" (Wiesbaden, C. W. Kreidel's verlag, 1901). It contains a very full 

 and graphic explanation of the previous connections which, in their opinions, 

 Celebes has had with near by islands, and serves to show more fully than any 

 other work that has ever been published, how satisfactory a basis faunistic 

 studies form for the interpretation of geologic liistory. The explanations of the 

 Sarasins will be used in the general summary. 



To turn directly to the reptiles and amphibians of the island, we may base 

 our notes on "A catalogue of the reptiles and batrachians of the Celebes, with 

 special reference to the collections made by Drs. P. and F. Sarasin, 1893-1896." 

 This is by Dr. G. A. Boulenger (Proc. Zool. soc. London, 1897, p. 193-237, pi. 

 7-16). There are eighty-three reptiles and twenty-one amphibians recorded 

 from the island; thirteen lizards and sixteen snakes, or about thirty-six per cent 

 of the total number, are peculiar to it. 



Among these, however, there is but one endemic genus, Rhabdophidium. 

 Among the amphibians eight, or about forty per cent — a very considerable 

 proportion — are restricted to Celebes. 



Generally speaking, the relation to the western islands has been pointed 

 out by Boulenger to be much more intimate than that to the eastern islands; 



