56 BULLETIN 42, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



a much larger proportion of oxidized ores is treated and scrap iron is 

 added to the charge in order to reduce the lead from the sulphide, so 

 that the sulphide ores used are not roasted previous to smelting. 

 The blast-furnace charge is made up as follows : 



Pounds. 



Ore, mixture of several, mainly sulphides 200 



Ore, Viola, oxidized 100 



Ore, litharge, (oxide of lead) from rehuiug furnaces 45 



Eeducing agent, scrap wrought iron 10 



Reducing agent and flux, iron scale, consisting of a mixture of metallic iron, 



with iron oxides 30 



Flux, cinder from puddle furnace , 30 



Flux, limestone 40 



Flux, rich slag from former smelting, 8 to 10 shovels. 



Fuel, coke from Connellsville, Pennsylvania 70 



The base bullion resulting from this charge is slowly melted in 33- 

 ton lots, skimmed and softened, and then run into the desilverizing 

 kettles; in these two or three additions of zinc are made, according to 

 circumstances, and the zinc .scums and the desilverized lead are treated 

 as described above. 



The collection was taken by Mr. E. L. Zukoski. e. m., September, 1884, 

 and shows a variety of the sulphide ores from Idaho (a large amount of 

 which is received at the works in the form of concentrates), the oxidized 

 ores from New Mexico, the fuel and fluxes, the base bullion, slags, etc., 

 of the first smelting, and various steps in the refining process. 



The sulphide ores are represented by the following specimens : 



(1) Concentrates, first-class ore, crushed coarse; consisting of galena with some 

 blende. O. K. Mine, Alturas County, Idaho. (54991.) 



(2) Concentrates, second-class ore, crushed fine ; containing a larger proportion of 

 blende. O. K. Mine, Alturas County, Idaho. (54992.) 



(3) Concentrates, first-class ore ; consisting almost entirely of galena, and contain- 

 ing 62.75 per cent, of lead and 71.97 ounces of silver per ton. Hailey Mine, Alturas 

 County, Idaho. (54993.) 



(4) Concentrates, first-class ore, coarse lumps ; consisting almost entirely of galena, 

 but showing some tetrahedrite, and containing 66.87 per cent, of lead and 298.45 

 ounces of silver per ton. Parker Mine, Alturas County, Idaho. (54994.) 



(5) Concentrates, first-class ore, crushed coarse; consisting" almost entirely of 

 galena, but showing a little blende and pyrite, and containing 69.87 per cent, of 

 lead and 66.8 ounces of silver per ton. Idahoian Mine, Alturas County, Idaho. 

 (54995.) 



(6) Concentrates, first-class, in coarse lumps; consisting almost entirely of galena, 

 but showing a little blende, and containing 69.12 per cent, of lead and 78 ounces of 

 silver per ton. Idahoian Mine, Alturas County, Idaho. (54996.) 



(7) Sulphide ore, galena in ferruginous quartz, showing some decomposition. 

 Santa Barbara Mine, New Mexico. (54997.) 



(8) Mixed ore, as charged into the blast furnace, made up of a large number of 

 ores, and consisting essentially of galena with a little blende and pyrite and some 

 decomposed material. (54998.) 



The oxidized ores are represented by four specimens from the Viola' 

 Mine, Grant County, New Mexico. 



(1) Cerussite, crystallized, stained with oxide of iron. (5.5000.) 



(2) Cerussite, fine grained, stained with oxide of iron. (65172.) 



