COLIKt I l"'NS IN ECONO.MH' <;i.« »j.( )( ; V AM) MHTAM.riM i V. 2\n 



.lit- usi-(l for till' iii;iinir:ictiin* of ^ms an. I otlicr retorts, ;,Ma.ss i»ots, and 

 tire brick of every tlescrii>tioii. 



Uiuler brick and tile days are mclmb-d a vast nmni.fr of Ordinary 

 clays that are not {^ood enough for otli.i purposfs. Tiiey are toiiiid 

 wid.'ly distributed over the wiiole worhl, and are usrd for tlu- nianu 

 faeture of buildiuf,' brick of all kinds, tihs, ])ii»e, terra cotta. and other 

 articles of conunoii use familiar to all. 



TIm' lollo\vin<;- tal»]c shows the wiilc range of ai)plicatioii of c.Iays: 



Aitichs ma II II I It, I -t ltd from ,hiii in Un I nihil SIuIih. 



I. HiiiUliii^ luatfriiils : 



1. Common huililiii',' l>ii"l>. 



'>. Front bnihlinj: luiiU ( pn'ssi-d Imk k, Mi..liltMl,iiila;;lin, or oriiannMitiil lirick.) 



15. Hollow brick. 



4. Gla/Jil brick. 



r>. Kootin^tile. 



6. rinc lininj^s. 



7. Door knobs ami lianhvarc porcelain . 



8. Terra cotta Inmber. 



9. Hollow tile, rircpronlinu. or castings. 

 II. Kefractory materials 



1. Fire brick. 



2. Gas retorts. 



:?. Retorts for zinc wovk.s ami tor oilier metalliir'^ical i.nrposes. 



4. Glass pots. 



;'). Stove and furnace linings. 



(). Chemists ami :vssaycrs utensils. 



III. Pottery: 



1. Stoneware. 



2. Earthenware (yellow ware, Rockin«;ham ware.) 

 r?. (iranite or ironstone ware. 



4. White ware. 



7t. Porcelain (iis partof mixture.^ 



IV. Ornamental ware : 



1. Encaustic tile, for walls ami Hours. 

 '2. Ornamental pottery. 

 :i. Ornamental lerra cntta. 

 V. Miscellaneous : 



1. Sower pipe. 



2. Drain pil>e or ilrain tile. 

 ;i. Flower pols. 



4. Garden bonier edginj;. 



7t. Telegraph insulators. 



6. Well tubing. 



7. Ueceivers f«>r acids. 



8. Water filters Mild e...ile 



9. Lamp stands. 



r.esitles the abo\<-, certain qualities of clay arc nsed fur special piir 

 po.ses. In pai.er making it is ti.sed to {.'ive a lini.sh to wall papers, and 

 al.so to give weigin and bo<ly to writing and other papers. In the man- 

 ufaetureof alum it is used as the .source t>f alumina. In the maun- 

 faettire of Portland cement chiys are sometimes iisetl. 



