28 DONALDSON BODINE. 



There are other reasons for considering the Jugatfe closely allied 

 to the Trichoptera. The possession of a jugum, the branched con- 

 dition of radius of the hind wings, and some other characters of the 

 venation, the condition of the mouth-parts in Micropteryx, all point 

 to the same conclusion. In view of all these indications, it may at 

 least be regarded as an open question whether the Jugatse are true 

 Lepidoptera. 



Another antennal character for the suborders is the absence of 

 cones in the Jugatae and their presence in the Frenatte. The cones 

 form a conspicuous featui'e of the antennae of nearly all Frenatae. 

 The only exceptions known to me are the family Pyromorphidie and 

 the superfamilies Hesperiina and Papilionina. The antennae of the 

 Pyromorphidie, however, are all pectinate, and those of the Hespe- 

 riina and Papilionina are so peculiarly specialized as to be easily 

 recognizable. The presence or absence of cones, therefore, is a prac- 

 tical recognition character. 



The suborder Jugatse includes two families, the Hepialidae and the 

 Micropterygidae, and each is represented in North America by a 

 single genus. 



The Hepialid/E. — The members of this family have very gener- 

 alized antennae. Their size as compared with that of the body of 

 the insect is extremely small. At the same time they })resent some 

 evidences that a degeneration has lately taken place, or is even now 

 in progress. Fig. 2 represents the antenna of a female Hep la I as 

 argentata. The lack of regularity in the segments of the clavola 

 and the incompleteness of the joints would seem to indicate that the 

 character of the segmentation has not yet had time to become fixed, 

 or that it is now in the process of evolution. The fixed hairs are 

 very numerous, and are somewhat stouter relatively than those in 

 Micropteryx. Correlated with this abundance of hairs there are few 

 scales. These are inserted along the dorsal aspect of the proximal 

 part of the clavola. The scape and pedicel are large, and are )iretty 

 thickly clothed with long scales over nearly their whole surface. 

 The clavolas vary considerably in the number of segments. Thirty- 

 one is the largest number in any of the si)ecimens in the University 

 collection. The ventral expansion of the shaft is inappreciable, and 

 there are no pectinations in any of the forms I have seen. Sense- 

 hairs of the first type are numerous, and there are several of the 

 second type to a segment. Pits are })resent, but vary greatly in 

 their (listril)ution. H. ((n/eiitdtd has few ; II. incylashani has many, 

 thougli they ai'e not very higldy organized. 



