no. 3635 MONOPHYLLUS — SCHWARTZ AND JONES 15 



Mahaut. The single specimen taken by the senior author was cap- 

 tured in a mist net stretched across a montane stream in dense rain- 

 forest. Elevations of known occurrence of M. p. luciae range from sea 

 level up to approximately 1800 feet (550 meters) ; these extremes are 

 from Dominica material. 



Bats taken in nets that also contained M. p. luciae on Dominica 

 include Artibeus jamaicensis, Brachyphylla cavernarum, Sturnira 

 angeli, Myotis nigricans, and Ardops nichollsi. There are no data on 

 associated species from situations wherein Monophyllus has been 

 collected on other Lesser Antillean islands. 



Females collected on Dominica by the junior author between 

 Mar. 24 and Apr. 22, 1966, were gravid; foetuses varied in length 

 from 17 to 24, with larger foetuses occurring on the later dates. Males 

 during the same period had testes 4 to 4.5 in length. Only one 

 young is born to a female. Weights of males ranged from 13.8 to 17.2; 

 those of females from 12.5 to 17.0, with the single nongravid female 

 weighing the least. 



Specimens examined. — Anguilla: Small Fountain Cave, Little 

 Bay, 1 9 (AMNH 72367). Barbuda: Dark Cave, 1 9 (RMNH 

 17854). Antigua: Parish of St. Paul: Bat Cave, 4 cf (BMNH 

 18.4.1. 7-9, MCZ 17468). Dominica: St. Joseph Parish: Clarke 

 Hall Estate, 100 ft, 7 J 1 , 10 9 (KU 104766-79, USNM 361896, 391225, 

 391275); St. Paul Parish: Sylvania, 1 9 (USNM 361897); 1% miles 

 northwest of Mahaut, sea level, 1 c? (KU 104780) ; 6 miles northeast 

 of Roseau, 1100 ft, 1 9 (AS 5357); St. Andrew Parish: Marigot, 100 

 ft, 1 9 (KU 104765); St. Lucia: no specific locality, 2 d\ 11 9 (USNM 

 106090-94, 106098-100, 110901-05). 



Monophyllus plethodon f rater Anthony 



Monophyllus f rater Anthony, 1917, p. 565. [Type-locality: cave (Cueva Catedral) 

 near Morovis, Puerto Rico.] 



Distribution. — Known only as fossil from Puerto Rico (see fig. 1). 



Remarks. — Monophyllus plethodon frater was described from five 

 fragmentary skulls; the species was differentiated from M. r. portoricen- 

 sis by its larger size. Anthony (1918, p. 350) commented: 



This large species of Monophyllus was apparently contemporaneous with M. 

 portoricensis . . . since a typical skull of the smaller portoricensis was found in 

 the same deposit with the skulls of frater. It is partly for this reason that frater 

 has been accorded full specific rank instead of being placed in the line of direct 

 ancestry of portoricensis .... The relationship with portoricensis is very 

 close however and the differences appear to be in size rather than detail. Were 

 the two forms from adjacent islands rather than from the same island doubtless 

 they would best be considered subspecifically related .... M . frater is probably 

 even more closely related to the larger M. luciae from the Island of St. Lucia, 

 Lesser Antilles, than to the small portoricensis .... Compared with M . luciae 



