X YNOPSIS OF NOR TH AMERICAN CARDTID.B-DA LL. 391 



Cardium (Papyridea) spinosum ]\r(nischeii, 1T8T. Aaricty aspersum 

 Sowerbv, i83;5. 



Rano-e: Margarita Bay, Lower California, andthcdrvilt' of California, 

 south to Panama. 



This is cited as (Jardiimx ^^ asjjerum^^ Sowerby l)y Roemer, lSr)'.>. 

 For th(^ synonAmiy of the species see the East American list. 



Cardium (Laevicardium) elatum Sowerby, 1833. 



Range : San Pedro, California, and south to Panama. Pleistocene 

 of California. • 



This is the largest species of the genus. One valve in the United 

 States National Musinun measures 170 mm. in height and 143 nmi. in 

 length. 



Cardium (Laevicardium) substriatum Conrad, 1838. 



Range: From Catalina Island and San Pedro, California, south to 

 San Ignacio lagoon. Lower California. Pleistocene of California. 



This is Cardium cruentatuiii, Gould, 1856. 



Cardium (Laevicardium) elenense Sowerby, 1840. 



Range: Gulf of California, south to Panama; Clarion Island. 



This is Cardmm apiclnum Carpenter, 1864, as Carpenter himself 

 suspected. 



Serripes gronlandicus Gmelin. 1792. 



Range: Arctic seas, south to Puget Sound and Hakodadi. Pleisto- 

 cene. 



The synonymy is cited in the East American list. 



Serripes laperousei Deshayes, 1839. 



Range: Bering Strait, at Plover Bay. south to A\atcha Bay. Kam- 

 chatka, and Sitka, Alaska. 



This is a well-defined specic^s and the specific characters can be rec- 

 ognized in shells less than an inch long. 



Protocardia centifilosa Carpenter, 1864. 



Range: Queen Charlotte Islands, British Colum))ia. south to San 

 Diego, California. 



Protocardia centifilosa vai-. richardsonii, AVhiteaves, 1878. 



Range: Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, south to the 

 coast of Oregon. 



This is Fid da modeda Adams and Reeve, var. centlfilom Carpenter. 

 The Protocardia modesta appears to me distinct from the American 

 shell and is a native of Japan. The northern specimens forming the 

 variety are a little strongtn- and coarser than those from California, 

 with which the}^ seem to be united by intermediate gradations, though 

 the extremes have apparent!}^ good distinctions. 

 Protocardia (Lophocardium) cumingii Sowerby, 1833. 



Ranoc: Gulf of Dulce, Central America, 12 fathoms. 



