BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMKRIOA. 79 



d. General color l)right red; winus, sca|inlar8, tail, forehead, lores, and or))its 

 (usually chin also) black. 

 e. Wing-bands narrower, the antei'ior one 3-4. (> wide, the posterior one 

 incomplete (on innermost greater coverts only). (Southern Mexico to 

 British Honduras and Salvador. ) 



Piranga leucoptera leucoptera, adult male (p 99) 

 ee. Wing-bands broader, the anterior one 5. 1-7.6 wide, the posterior one com- 

 plete (extending across all the greater coverts). (Costa Rica, Chiriqui, 



and Veragua. ) Piranga leucoptera latifasciata, adult male (p. 101) 



dd. General color olive-green aliove, yellow below; wings, scajtulars, and tail 

 dusky grayish, more or less tinged or edged with olive-green. 

 e. Wing bands narrower. .Piranga leucoptera leucoptera, adult female (p. 100) 

 ee. Wing bands broader. .Piranga leucoptera latifasciata, adult female (p. 101) 

 cc. Wing without white bands; edge of wing yellow. [I'mnign eri/throcephala.) 

 d. Pileum scarlet; throat and sides of head pinkish red; rest of plumage yel- 

 lowish olive-green above, bright yellow below. (Mexican plateau.) 



Piranga erythrocephala, adult male (p. 102) 

 dd. Pileum yellowish olive-green, rest of upper parts duller (more grayish) 

 olive-green; under parts dull yellow, much paler posteriorly. 



Piranga erythrocephala, adult female (p. 102) 



PIRANGA RUBRA RUBRA (Linnaeus). 

 SUMMER TANAGER. 



Adult male {surniiier and aunter). — Above plain dull red (dark dull 

 poppy red), brig-hter or clearer on pileum, rump, and upper tail- 

 coverts; remiges, primary coverts, and alula grayish brown (hair 

 brown) edged with dull red; under parts clear rich vermilion or poppy 

 red, the axillars and under wing-coverts paler, more pinkish; bill light 

 brownish with paler tomia; iris brown; legs and feet horn color (in 

 dried skins); length (skins), 162.6-182.9 (170.7); wing, 92.5-99.6 (95.5); 

 tail, 71.1-74.7 (72.4); exposed culmen, 16.8-19.3 (17.5); depth of bill at 

 base, 9.4-10.4(9.9); tarsus, 18.3-19.8 (19.3); middle toe, 12.7-14.7 (14).^ 



Adult female {summer and vyinter). — Above plain yellowish olive- 

 green, more yellowish on pileum, lower rump, and upper tail-coverts, 

 the back and scapulars sometimes tinged with grayish; primaries 

 grayish brown with light yellowish olive-green edgings; lores pale 

 yellowish gra}"; an indistinct orbital ring of light dull yellow; under 

 parts dull yellow (wax yellow or didl maize yellow), the under tail- 

 coverts purer yellow (chrome yellow); bill and feet as in adult male; 

 length (skins), 165.1-182.9 (173.5); wing, 88.9-95.8 (91.9); tail, 66.-5-73.9 

 (70.1); exposed culuien, 17.5-18.3 (18); depth of bill at base, 9.9-10.7 

 (10.2); tarsus, 18.5-19.8 (18.8); middle toe, 13.2-14 (13. 5).'' 



Young male in first autumn. — Similar to the adult female, but more 

 richly colored, the under tail-coverts deep chrome or pale cadmium 

 yellow, the general color of upper parts more ochraceous, with pileum, 

 upper tail-coverts, tail, and edges of primaries tinged with dull orange 

 or orange-ochraceous. 



^ E"ght specimens. '^ Five specimen.^, 



