122 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



]Mns., xi, 1886, 178.— Zeledon, Anal. Mus. Nac. Costa Rica, i, 1887, 109 (Car- 

 tage and Navarro deCartago, Costa Rica). — Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 X, 1888, 585 (Segovia R., Honduras). — Richmond, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvi, 

 1893,489 (Rio Escondido, Nicaragua, and Rio Frio, Costa Rica; habits; 

 descr. nest and eggs). 



Genus LANIO Vieillot. 



Lanio Vieillot, Analyse, 1816, 40. (Type, Tanagra airicapUla Gmelin. ) 

 Pogonothraupis^ Cabanis, in Schomburgk's Reis. Brit. Guiana, iii, 1S48, (569. 

 (Substitute for Lanio Vieillot. ) 



Medium sized to rather large Tanagers, with the maxilla compressed 

 and abruptly hooked at tip, the tomium with a conspicuous median 

 tooth; adult males with the plumage mainly black and yellow. 



Bill nearl}" as long as the head, much compressed and strongly hooked 

 terminally, the maxillary tomium with a conspicuous tooth-like pro- 

 jection about, or a little less than, one-third the distance toward base; 

 mandi])ular tomium obliquely beveled at tip, then faintly concave to 

 beneath the maxillary tooth, then slightly arched for about the basal 

 two-thirds; culmen nearlj^ as long as tarsus, nearly or quite straight 

 for most of its length; gonys decidedlj- shorter than length of maxilla 

 from nostril. Nostril partly concealed by distinct antrorse frontal 

 bristles, rather large, nearl}' circular. Rictal bristles conspicuous; 

 mental bristles distinct, strongly recurved. Wing about five and one- 

 third to live and three-fourths times as long as the short tarsus, rounded 

 (eighth to fifth primaries longest, ninth not longer than fourth); pri- 

 maries exceeding secondaries by about length of tarsus or a little 

 more. Tail shorter than wing by not more (usually much less) than 

 length of tarsus, slightly rounded, the rectrices rather broad, with 

 rounded or ver}^ slightl}^ pointed tips. Legs and feet comparatively 

 very weak; tarsus little if any longer than exposed culmen; middle 

 toe with claw about as long as tarsvis; lateral claws falling a little 

 short of base of middle claw; hind claw shorter than its digit. 



Coloration. — Adult males with head, wings, and tail black, the rest 

 of the plumage mainh^ yellowish, with a white patch between scapu- 

 lars and lesser wing-coverts; females brownish above, paler, some- 

 times* tinged with yellow below, the throat sometimes grayish or 

 whitish. 



Range. — Southern Mexico to Trinidad, Bolivia, and Ecuador. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES OF LANIO. 



a. Back and under parts of body yellow; head, wings, and tail black. (Adult 

 males. ) 

 h. Throat black. (Southern Mexico to Honduras.) 



Lanio aurantius, adult male (p. 123) 

 hh. Throat white or buffy. 



* ^'Ilchyoov, Bart; ©pafinii nom propr." 



