216 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



(285.2); wing, 137.7-146.8 (143.8); tail, 129.5-139.7 (135.6); cuimen, 

 from base, 32.5-36.3 (33.8); depth of bill at base, 12.2-13.7 (13); tarsus, 

 34.3-38.4 (36.6); middle toe, 25.1-26.7 (25.7).' 



Adult female. — Decidedly smaller than the male and much duller m 

 color, the metallic hues more subdued, sometimes very faint; length 

 («kins), 236.2-256.5 (251.7); wing, ] 22.4-133. 9 (127.8); tail, 101.6- 

 122.7 (112); cuimen, from base, 27.9-30.2 (29.2); depth of bill at base, 

 11.9-13 (12.4); tarsus, 32.8-36.1 (34.3); middle toe, 22.1-25.4(23 4).^ 



Young. — Uniform sooty, rather paler below, where sometimes 

 showing indistinct streaks of darker. 



Atlantic coast district of United States, east of Alleghenies; north 

 to lower Hudson Valley and northern shores of Long Island Sound; 

 breeding south to uplands of Alabama (Greensboro, Anniston, Coosada, 

 etc.), Georgia, and the Carolinas, to Virginia (?) along the coast; occa- 

 sional on western side of Alleghenies, in eastern Tennessee (Roane 

 County, March, April). 



[Gracuki] quiscula Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 109 (based on Monedula 

 purpurea CsXeshx , Nat. Hist. Carolina, i, 12, etc., "America septentrionale);" 

 ed. 12, i, 1766, 165.— Gmklin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 397.— Latham, Index Orn., i, 

 1790, 191. 



Gracula quwcola Wilson, Am. Orn., iii, 1811, 44, pi. 21, fig. 4. 



Chl^alcophanes'] quiscalus Cabanis, Mus. H^in., i, 1851, 196. 



Stumus quiscala Daudin, Traite d'Orn., ii, 1800, 316. 



Q\uiscaluif\ quiscula J ORD AH, Man. Vert. E. N. Am., 4th ed., 1884, 93. 



Quiscalus quiscula American Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 1886, no. 511. — 

 Fox, Auk, iii, 1886, 318 (Roane Co,, Tennessee, Mar., Apr. — Brewster. Auk, 

 vii, 1890, 208 (Charleston, South Carolina, 1 spec. Nov. 30).— Chapman, Bull. 

 Am. Mus. N. H., iv, 1892, 3 (descr. ; geog. range; crit. ). — Bendire, Life 

 Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii, 1895, 497, pi. 7, figs. 21-23.— Young, Auk, xiii, 1896, 

 283 (Hazleton, Pottsville, and Nescopeck, Pennsylvania, breeding). 



Q\_ukcalas'] quiscula Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 379. 



Quiscalus versicolor Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xxviii, 1819, 488 ("North 

 America"); Gal. Ois., i, 1834, 171, pi. 108. — Bonaparte, Am. Orn., i, 1825, 

 45, pi. 5, fig. 1; Ann. Lye. N. Y., ii, 1828, 54; Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 

 28. — NuTTALL, Man. Orn. U. S. and Canada, i, 1832, 194, part. — Audubon, 

 Orn. Biog., i, 1831, 35, part, pi. vii, fig. 1; v, 1839, 481, part; Synopsis, 1839, 

 146, part; Birds Am., oct. ed., iv, 1842, 58, part, pi. 221.— (?) Swainson, 

 Anini. in Menag., 1838, 298.— Haldemann, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1841, 

 54. — Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 555, part (Carlisle, Pennsyl- 

 vania; Washington, District of Columbia); Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 421, 

 part.— Sol ATER, Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 140 (e. United States); Ibis, 1884, 154, 

 part (monogr. ); Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xi, 1886, 394, part. — Coues, Proc. 

 Bost. Soc. N. H., xii, 1868, 117 (South Carolina).— Turnbull, Birds E. Penn. 

 and N. J., 1869, 25 (Mar. to Nov.). 



{^Quiscalus} versicolor Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 424. 



Gracula barila (not of Linnseus) Ord, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., i, 1818, 254. 



(?) Qul^iscalusl nitens Lichtenstein, Yerz. Doubl., 1823, 18. 



(?) Quiscalus purpuralus Swainson, Anim. in Menag., 1838, 298 (North America). 



^Ten specimens. 



