BIEDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 221 



Qluiscalus] purpureus Nelson, Bull. Essex Inst., ix, 1877, 62 (Union Co., Illinois). 



—Boies, Cat. Birds S. Mich., 1875, no. 94. 

 Quiscaius a-iteus 'RiDGWAY,'Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., xxi, June, 1869, 134 (Mount 



Carmel, Wabash Co., s. e. Illinois; coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.).— Brewer, Proc. 



Bost. Soc. N. H., xvii, 1875, 442 (New England).— Jouy, Field and Forest, ii, 



1877, 156 (District Columbia, casual).— Chapman, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H., iv, 

 1892, 3 (descr. ; geog. range; crit.). — Brimley, Auk, xi, 1894, .333 (Raleigh, 

 North Carolina, 2 specs., Nov. 14). 



[Quiscalus purpureus'] var. aeneus Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway Hist. N. Am. 



Birds, ii, 1874, 203. 

 IQuiscalus jmrpureus.'] Var. aneus Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. 



Birds, ii, 1874, 218. 

 [Quiscalus purpureus'] b. leneus Coues, Birds N. W., 1874, 203, in synonymy. 

 Quiscalus purpureus, var. xneus Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., v, Nov., 1873, 170, 



in text (Fort Bridger, Wyoming), 184, 192 (Colorado). 

 Qluiscalus] purpureus, var. xneus Nelson, Bull. Essex Inst., viii, 1876, 112 (n. e. 



Illinois, summer res. ) . 

 Quiscalus purpureus . . . var. ,T»ei/.s Henshaw, Rep. Orn. Spec. Wheeler's Surv., 



1873 (1874), 65 (Denver, Colorado, May 14). Brewster, Ann. Lye. N. Y., 



xi, 1875, 142 (Ritchie Co., West Virginia, breeding). 

 Quiscalus purpureus . . . var. aeneus Henshaw, Zool. Exp. W. 100th Merid., 



1875, 324 (Denver). 

 Quiscalus purpureus .rneus Coues, Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geog. Surv. Terr., iv, 



1878, 606 (Pembina, North Dakota, to Rocky Mts.); Check List., 2d ed., 

 1882, no. 336.— Roberts and Benner, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, v, Jan. 1880, 

 15 (Grant and Traverse counties, Minnesota, breeding). — Ridgway, Nom. 

 N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 278^>.— Langdon, Journ., Cine. Soc. N. H., 1880, 

 125 (Brookville, Indiana, Dec, Jan., Feb.). — Brewster, Bull. Nutt. Orn. 

 Club, vi, 1881, 181 (carnivorous habits). — Batchelder, Bull. Nutt. Orn. 

 Club, vii, 1882, 149 (upper St. Johns R., Maine and New Brunswick, breed- 

 ing).— Nehrling, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 167 (Houston, Texas, 

 breeding abundantly). — Chamberlain, Bull. no. 1, Nat. Hist. Soc. New 

 Bruns., 1882. 42 (New Brunswick, summer resident). 



Q[uiscalus] p\_urpureus] peneus Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 413. 



Q[u'iscalus] versicolor, var. xneus Ridcjway, Ann. Lye. N. Y., x, Jan., 1874, 375 

 (Illinois). 



Quiscalus versicolor icneus Ridgway, Proc. U. s. Nat. Mus., iii, Sept. 4, 1880, 218. — 

 Sclater, Ibis, 1884, 154. 



Quiscalus qukcula seneus '&>T'E3^'E(i'EK, Auk, ii,Jan., 1885, 43, footnote. — American 

 Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 1886, no. 511ft. — Fox, Auk, iii, 1886, 

 319 (Roane Co., e. Tennessee). — Lloyd, Auk, iv, 1887, 291 (Tom Green 

 and Concho counties, Texas, not breeding). — Beckham, Auk, iv, 1887, 302 

 (Bayou Sara, Louisiana, Apr.); Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 1888, 672 (San 

 Antonio and Beeville, Texas, winter). — Loomis, Auk, v, 1888, 113 (Chester 

 Co., South Carolina, 2 specimens, Nov.); viii, 1891, 167 (do., Nov. 1 to Feb.). — 

 Cooke, Bird Migr. Miss. Val., 1888, 174 (wintering regularly n. to s. Illinois, 

 occasionally to Minnesota; dates, etc.). — Ridgway, Orn. Illinois, i, 1889, 

 326.— Clarke, Auk, vii, 1890, 322 (Fort Churchill, Hudson Bay).— Palmer 

 (W.), Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xiii, 1890, 263 (St. Johns, Newfoundland).— 

 Thompson, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xiii, 1891, 582 (Manitoba; habits).— 

 Attwater, Auk, ix, 1892, 238 (San Antonio, Texas, breeding). — Rhoads, 

 Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1892, 109 (San Antonio, breeding). — Nutting, 

 Bull. Lab. N. H. Univ. Iowa, ii, 1893, 274 (Grand Rapids and Chemawawin, 



