454 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



dusky horn color (in dried skins); length (.skins), 1\'>A\-1'2()J'} (lls.l); 

 wing-, 61.5-63 (62.2); tail, 46.2-47.5 (46.7); exposed eulmen, 11.2-11.7 

 (11.4); tarsus, 17.8-18.3 (18). ^ 



Adult female. — Similar to the adult male, but duller in color; yellow 

 of forehead and crown more or less obscured ]\v olive-green tips to 

 feathers; gray of upper parts more or less tinged with olive-green, 

 and white of under parts more or less tinged w^ith j-ellow, especially 

 on breast; black line on lores and Ijehind eye duller, more dusk}' 

 grayish; length (skiti), 121.9; wing, 61.5; tail, 47.5; exposed culmen, 

 10.9; tarsus, 17. 3. '^ 



[In its typical form, as described above, this bird is essentiallv a 

 IL chrysojjtera, without the lilack (male) or gra}' (female) throat-patch 

 of that species and with the black or gray band on side of head reduced 

 to a narrow streak, as in II. plnxs:. It is also essentially a II. jj in us 

 with the wing of II. cJirysoptei'a, the olive-green of upper parts replaced 

 by gray and the yellow of sides of head and under parts replaced b}- 

 white. Variations tend more toward II. jjinus than toward II. e/irt/.'^op- 

 tera; for, while the under parts are often considerably' tinged with 

 yellow (sometimes extensively j^ellow, the whole breast being frequently 

 bright yellow) and the upper parts tinged with olive-green, there 

 is seldom, if ever, an indication of the black or gray throat-patch of 

 II. chrymptera. The ))lack postocular streak, however, is sometimes 

 greatly extended, both as to length and width, specimens thus marked 

 approaching //. eJiry.^ojdera in this respect. It is altogether prohal>le, 

 })oth in the case of this form and H. lairrenc/'i, that dichromatism as 

 well as hybridism enters into the (question of their origin; in other 

 words, while //. plnus apparenth' exhi))its, rarely, a white and gra}' 

 (instead of yellow and olive-green) phase, and If. vhrysoptera., as rarel}', 

 a yellow and olive-green, instead of white and gra}'. phase, the two 

 species interbreed to such an extent, not only with one another, but 

 each with II. leucohronchialis and //. I a wren ci! (the hj'brids being- 

 fertile Inter .s't) that the problem is a very complicated one, and there- 

 fore most difficult to work out satisfactorily.^ 



Eastern United States: Massachusetts (Newtonville; Hudson); Con- 

 necticut (Wauregan; Suffield; Deep River; Portland; Say brook; Se}'- 

 mour; New Haven; North Haven); New York (Rockland County; 

 Sing Sing; Croton Point; Parkville, Long Island); Pennsylvania 

 (Delaware County; Chester County); New Jersey (Maplewood; 

 Knglewood; Morristown); Maryland (Riverdale); Virginia (Alex- 

 andria County); Louisiana (Mandeville); Michigan (Ottawa Count}'^). 



' Two specimens. 

 ^ One specimen. 



'See Brewster, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Clul), vi, 1881, 218; Auk, iii, 1886, 411; and Ridg- 

 way. Auk, ii, 1885, 359. 



