330 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



(?) J(/rlains plifrnicinii Sumichras'I', Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H., i, 1869, 553 (Orizaba, 



Vera Cruz). 

 (?) Agi'Imufipha-nicen.t Fekraki-Pekez, Prfx-. IT. S. Nat. Mus., xi, 18S6, 151 (Cliietla, 



Puebla). 

 .{(jehriim <inherii<it(ir {not Pitarorollv>i gitbmidtor Wagler) Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 



Lend., 1857, 21.3 (Orizaba, Vera Cruz); 1859, .365 (Jalapa, Vera Cruz) ; Cat. 



Am. Birds, 1862, 135, part (Jala])a); Ibis, 1884, 10, part; Cat. Bird.s, Brit. 



Mus., xi, 1886, .341, jiart (Jalapa; Orizaba). — Salvin and Godman, Biol. 



Centr.-Am., Aves, i, 1887, 454, part (Orizal)a; Jalapa; Laguna del Rosario, 



Tlaxcala?). 

 (?) Agelams guhcrnator Ferrari-Perez, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., ix, 1886, 152 (Laguna 



del Rosario and Nativitaa, Tlaxcala). — American Ornithologists' Union, 



Check List, 1886, no. 499, part. 

 l^Agda^us] <7?t?>mioto?' Sclater and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr, 1873, 37, part. 

 A \_gclmus\ gubernator Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 370, part. 

 Agelams j)h€eniceus, var. gubernator Baird, Brewer and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. 



Birds, ii, 1874, 163, part. 

 Age.laius phcenicem grandis Nelson, Auk, xiv, Jan., 1897, 57 (Atlexco, Puebla; 



coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.). 

 Agelaiun gubernator grandis Ridgway, Proc. Wash. Ac. Sci., iii, Apr. 15, 1901, 154, 



geog. range). 



AGELAIUS PHCENICEUS PHCENICEUS (Linnaeus). 

 RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD. 



AduH male in Rumnner. — Uniform deep black, with a very faint 

 greenish blue gloss in certain lights; lesser wing-coverts bright poppy 

 red or vermilion (varying to scarlet or even, more rarely, to orange- 

 chrome); middle coverts wholly butf or ochraceous-buff (paler at tips, 

 sometimes almost white in midsummer birds); bill, legs, and feet deep 

 black; iris brown. 



Adult male in winter. — Similar to the summer male }>ut buff of 

 .middle wing-coverts deeper (more ochraceous-buff or buff}- cla}- color) 

 and interscapulars and scapulars narrowly margmed with rusty. 



Tmwature male} — Black; scapulars and interscapulars broadly mar- 

 gined with ru.sty and light grayish buffy; pileum and hindneck more 

 or less streaked with the same; innermost greater wing-coverts and 

 tertials broadly edged with light rusty or buffy, the remaining remiges 

 (especially secondaries), greater coverts, and rectrices more narrowly 

 edged with whitish or pale buffy; lesser wing-coverts more or less 

 intermixed with black (except in older birds) and middle coverts with 

 more or less of ))lack (mostl}" black in younger birds), the red of lesser 

 coverts more orange than in adults; black of under parts more or less 

 broken bj'^ dull whitish or buffy margins to feathers, and superciliary 



'There is great variation among immature birds, doubtless according to age; but 

 the series examined is not sufficient to enable me to characterize more explicitly the 

 different stages of transition from young to adult. Winter birds in immature plumage 

 have the lighter markings more distinct and more pronqjiincedly rusty and buffy than 

 spring examples. 



