BIKDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 



495 



Adult female in winter. — Similar to the summer female, but plumage 

 of softer texture and posterior wing-band more or less tinged with 

 yellowish. 



Immature male {second year). — Identical in coloration with adult 

 female. 



T'oung male., fird jylimiage. — Pileum, hindneck. back, scapulars, 

 rump, and upper tail-coverts plain dull olive or brownish olive; supra- 

 auricular region and sides of neck dull yellowish buflf}', the latter 

 tinged with olive; chin, throat, and chest dull 3^ellowish buffy; other- 

 wise like adult female. 



Young feTnale., first plumage. — Similar to the .young male but paler 

 and grayer above; supra-auricular and post-auricular regions pale 

 brownish buffy; chin, throat, and chest still paler butfy, the chin and 

 upper throat dull buffy whitish. 



Adult m«Z.'.— Length (skins), 113-129 (120); » wing, 72-78 (74.8); 

 tail, 50-56 (53.6); exposed culmen, 9.1-12 (10.7); tarsus, 17-20 (18.2); 

 middle toe, 10.5-13 (11. 2).^^ 



Adult female.— \^^\\^i\\ (skins), 110-125 (117);' wing, 67-73 (69.9); 

 tail, 47.2-53 (49.4); exposed culmen, 9-12 (10.5); tarsus, 17-20 (18.2); 

 middle too, 10.4-12 (11.5).* 



Highlands (coniferous belt) of Mexico, Guatemala, and southwestern 

 United States; north to central Arizona (Huachuca, Chiricahua, Santa 



^Length before skinning of six Arizona specimens, 127-137.2 (134.2). (Brewster, 

 Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 137.) 



^ Sixteen specimens. 



'Length before skinning of five Arizona specimens, 127-132.1 (129.5). (Brewster, 

 Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 137. ) 



■* Thirteen specimens. 



Specimens from different geographic areas average in measurements as follows: 



There is an appreciable difference in size and coloration between specimens from 

 Arizona and northwestern Mexico on the one hand and those from Guatemala on 

 the otlier, the latter being smaller and brighter colored; but specimens from southern 

 Mexico, while nearer the Guatemalan examples in coloration, are larger even than 

 the Arizona birds. On the whole, I am unable to make out satisfactorily two, or 

 more, geographic forms, and therefore reduce P. o. aurcmtiacus to a synonym of P. 

 olivaceus. 



