BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 533 



Adult iiiah' hiKprliKj <(n<I .smiDiier. — Pileum and hindnock uniform 

 blui.sh slate-gray or plumbeous, marg'ined laterally Ity a white supra- 

 aurieular streak beginning on upper eyelid; a white spot on lower 

 eyelid; frontlet, lores, suborbital region, auricular region, sides of 

 neck, back, and scapulars uniform deep blacky the last sometimes mar- 

 gined with olive-grayish; rump clear lemon-yellow, the upper portion 

 streaked with black and sometimes parth' olive-greenish; upper tail- 

 coverts black; tail black, the outer webs of rectrices edged with gra}", 

 their inner webs (except middle pair) crossed in middle portion 1)}^ a 

 broad band of white, about 10-12 wide; wings ])lack, the middle and 

 greater coverts broadly margined and tipped with white, forming a 

 large and conspicuous patch, the remiges and primary coverts nar- 

 rowly edged with gray; under parts, except under taii-coverts, rich 

 lemon or gamboge yellow, the chest, sides, and flanks very In-oadly 

 streaked with black — these black markings sometimes confluent on the 

 chest; under taii-coverts, under wing-coverts, and axillars white; ])ill 

 black; iris brown; legs and feet dusk}' brown. 



Adult female in spring and summer. — Much duller in color than the 

 male; gray of pileum and hindneck duller, passing into dull olive- 

 greenish on back, where usually more or less l)lotched or spotted with 

 black, rarely mostly black; lower rump crossed by a liand of olive- 

 3^ellow; upper tail-covets black centralh^, more or less broadly mar- 

 gined with slate-gray; tail as in male but duller in black; wings duller 

 black than in male, with less of white on middle and greater coverts; 

 sides of head sometimes as in aduit male, usually duller in color, some- 

 times with olive -grayish replacing black; under parts paler and duller 

 yellow than in male, with chest and sides less heavily marked with 

 black (sides and flanks rarely almost without l)lack streaks or spots and 

 spots or streaks on chest few and small). 



Adidt {'.) male in autumn and winter. — Pileum, hindneck, and sides 

 of neck duif brownish gray; back and scapulars olive-green, the feath- 

 ers with large, mostly concealed, central spots of l)lack; rump, upper 

 tail-coverts, tail, and wings as in the summer male but the last with two 

 narrow bands, instead of a large patch, of white, tlie greater coverts 

 being edged with giay, like remiges; sides of head grayish, somewhat 

 mottled with black on rictal region, and relieved Ijy a whitish orbital 

 ling; under parts as in the summer male, but chest without t)lack 

 streaks or spots, the black markings conspicuous only on flanks and 

 there more or less concealed. 



Young mate hi Jir.st autunin and winter. — Similar to the supposed 

 adult male of corresponding season, but chest crossed by a broad band 

 of dull whitish or grayish white, and without trace of black on cheeks. 



Yening female in^firxt autuntn and uunter. — Similar to the young 

 male of same season, l)ut smaller and nuich dullei- in color, the pileum, 

 etc., decidedly more brownish, the back without distinct concealed 



