BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 541 



Sylrki carbnnata Audubon, Orn. Biog., i, 1831, 308, pi. 60 (near Henderson, Ken- 

 tucky; type not preserved). — Nutt.\ll, Man. Orn. U. H. and Canada, i, 

 1832, 405. 



Sytoicola carbumUa Richardson, Rep. Brit. Assoc, for 1836 (1837), 172. 



Vermivora carbonata Bonap.\rte, Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 21. 



Helinaia carbonata Audubon, Synopsis, 1839, 68; Birds Am., oct. ed., ii, 1841, 95, 

 pi. 109. 



M[^iiotUta'] carbonata Gray, Gen. Birds, i, 1848, 196. 



IMniotiUa] carbonata Gray, Hand-list, i, 1869, 241, no. 3493. 



\_Helmilheros] carbonata Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 315. 



Dendroica carbonata Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 287; Cat. N. Am. 

 Birds, 1859, no. 207; Review Am. Birds, 1865, 207. 



Dlendroica^ carbonata Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 493. 



Dendroeca carbonata Sundevall. Ofv. k. Vet.-Akad. Forh. Stockli., xxvi, 1870, 

 618 (monogr.). 



Dendroeca carbonata Maynard, Birds Eastern LT. S., 1882, 521. — Sftakpe, Cat. 

 Birds Brit. Mus., x, 1885, 264, footnote. 



Dendroica {Perissoglossa ?) carbonata American ORNiTnoL®GisTs' Union, Check 

 List, 1886, 356 (^'Hypothetical List," no. 23). 



PerissoffJossa carbonata Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N.Am. I>irds, i, 1874, 

 214, pi. 12, fig. 3.— Ridgway, Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 91. 



Helm'mthopliaga (?) carbonata Coues, Birds Col. Val., 1878, 237, footnote. 



DENDROICA C^RULESCENS CiERULESCENS (Gmelin). 

 BLACK-THROATED BLUE WARBLER. 



Adult male in .y)rin<j and suiniaer. — Above plain dull graj'^isli indigo 

 blue, the back .sometimes more or less spotted or clouded with black; 

 wings, except lesser coverts, black, the middh^ coverts broadly mar- 

 gined, the greater coverts broadl}^ edged, the remiges narrowly edged, 

 with dull grayish indigo blue, the tertials chiefly of the latter color; 

 primaries (except outermost) extensively white basally, forming a con- 

 spicuous patch; all the remiges with inner webs extensively" white 

 basally and edged with white; rectrices black, narrowly edged with dull 

 grayish indigo blue, the three outermost Avith a large subterminal patch 

 of white on inner webs; sides of head (including lores, orbits, auricular 

 region, and malar region), chin, throat, sides of chest, sides, and flanks 

 uniform deep bhu-k, that along sides and flanks somewhat broken by 

 white streaking; rest of under parts, together with axillars and under 

 wing-coverts, white; bill black; iris brown; legs and feet dusky brown 

 (in dried skins). 



Adult nude hi autumn and winter. — Exactl}- like the spring and 

 summer plumage, but white portion of flanks very fainth^ tinged with 

 })rownish bufl:', and mandible brownish instead of black. 



Young male In Jirst fall and winter. — Similar to the adult male of 

 corresponding season, but white of under parts more or less tinged 

 with yellowish, bluish gray of upper parts tinged with olive-green, 

 and black feathers of throat, etc., more or less distinctl}" margined 

 with whitish. 



Adtdt female in spring and smnmer. — Above plain olive, relieved 



