BIHDS OK NORTH AND MIDDLE AMKUD'A. 739 



rump, upper tail-coverts, and basal half of tail hutf. Similar also to 

 Euthh/pls, ])ut tarsus relatively longer (at least one-third as lono- as 

 wing), ninth primary shorter than fourth (instead of longer), and 

 without white on rectrices. 



Bill decidedly shorter than head, sometimes scarcely more than half 

 as long-, but very varialile as to relative length and width and extent of 

 depression (sometimes the width at nostrils equal to, usuallv decidedly 

 less than, length of exposed culmen); culmen rather distinctly I'idged, 

 nearly straight for basal third or more, l)ecoming gradually more decid- 

 edly curved terminally, the tip of the maxilla moderately producc^l, l»ut 

 scarce^ uncinate; gonys very faintly convex; maxillary tomium nearly 

 straight to near tip, where faintly concave, with distinct subterminal 

 notch. Nostril longitudinal, nearly linear, in lower anterior portion 

 of nasal fossa% overhung by a broad membraneous operculiuu. Rictal 

 ))ristles very distinct, but varia))le as to development, usually extending 

 but little if any beyond nostrils (when directed forward), sometimes 

 reaching consideral^ly beyond. Wing rather short to rather long, more 

 or less rounded (eighth to fifth, seventh, seventh and sixth, or sixth and 

 fifth primaries longest, ninth shorter than fifth, usually shorter than 

 second, sometimes shorter than first); wing-ti}) variable, always shorter 

 than middle toe with claw, sometimes much shorter than middle toe 

 without claw. Tail more or less shorter than wing, or at least not 

 longer (except in B. rufifmuH)^ usually equal to or longer than distance 

 from bend of wing to tips of secondaries, more or less rounded (some- 

 times almost even), the rectrices usually rather narrow, with tips sub- 

 acuminate. Tarsus one-third to much more than one-third as long as 

 wing, rathei- stout, its scutella fairly distinct; middle toe, with claw, 

 much shorter than tarsus, its basal phalanx united for more than half 

 its length lo outer toe, for al)out half (more or less) its length to 

 inner toe. 



C'oJorat/ov. — No white on rectrices; wings unicolored; pileum three- 

 striped (two black lateral stripes, inclosing a median one of chestnut, 

 rufous, rufous-orange, yellowish, or grayish), or else wholly chestnut- 

 rufous or (if unicolored and concolor with the back) the lower rump, 

 upper tail-coverts, and basal half of tail butf or ochraceous-butf; upper 

 parts (except as described) plain olive, olive-green, or grayish; under 

 parts yellowish (with or without whitish or grayish throat), yellow 

 anteriorly and whitish posteriorly, or whitish or l)ufty mediall}' and 

 grayish or olive laterally. 



Nidificatiov . — Unknown. 



Range. — The whole of continental Tropical America. (Numerous 

 species, mostly South American.) 



The thirty-odd species which compose this group as characterized 

 above (and as usually recognized) var}^ so much in the details of 

 external structure that were it not for certain species of intermediate 



