BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 717 



(52.6); exposed culmen, 1>. 9-11.4 (10.7); tar.sii.s, 17.8-19 (1S.3); middle 

 toe, 9.4-11.7 (10.7).^ 



Immature m.ale infird aatwnn and wlvter. — Quite siniiltir in colora- 

 tion to the adult female. 



Imniature feriiale in^first aatiuun ami winter. — Similar to the adult 

 female and immature male, but upper parts more strongly tinged with 

 olive, and markings on chest nmch less distinct, sometimes obsolete. 



Young, first plumage. — Above plain broccoli brown or drab, the 

 feathers ash gray beneath the surface; middle and greater wing-coverts 

 broadly tipped with buff, forming two distinct bands across wing; rem- 

 iges and rectrices brownish gray, with edges slightly paler; sides of 

 head and neck, chin, throat, chest, and sides of breast pale buffy brown; 

 rest of under parts pale straw or primrose yellow. 



Eastern North America; north to Newfoundland, southern Labrador 

 and Manitoba (Lake Winnipeg); west to eastern edge of the Great 

 Plains, casually to Colorado (Lincoln County, May 23); breeding south- 

 ward to Massachusetts (Winchendon; Berkshire Count}'; Essex 

 County), central New York (Oneida County), southern Ontario, Mich- 

 igan (Mackinac Island), and Minnesota (St. Louis and Lake counties), 

 and southward through mountains of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West 

 Virginia to North Carolina (2,500 to 4,000 feet) ; in winter south through 

 eastern Mexico and Central America to Ecuador (numerous localities 

 and records) and Peru. 



[^Musck'(i2)(i'] canadensis Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 17H(), 327 (based on Gobe- 

 viouche ccndrc de Canada, Muscicapa canadensis cinerea, Brisson, Orii. ii, 406, 

 pi. 39, fig. 4).— Gmelin, Syst. Nat.,i, pt.ii, 1788, 937.— Latham, Index Orn., 

 ii, 1790, 484. 



Muscicapa canadensis Wii,>iON, Am. Orn., iii, 1811, 100, pi. 26, fig. 2. — Stephens, 

 Shaw's Gen. Zool., x, 1817, 350.— Vieillot, Enc. Meth., ii, 1823, 810.— Bona- 

 parte, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila.,ii, 1824, 178. — Audubon, Orn. Biog.,ii, 1834, 

 17, pi. 103. 



Setophaga canadensis Jardine, ed. Wilson's Am. Orn., i, 1832, 358. 



S\^etophaga^ canadensis Gray, (tcu. Birds, i, 1846, 265. 



l^Setophagal canadensis Gray, Hand-list, i, 1869, 244, no. 3536. 



Myiodioctes canadensis AvuvBOii, Synopsis, 1839, 49; Birds Am., oct. ed., ii, 1841, 

 14, pi. 72.— Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1854, 11 1 (Quijos, Ecuador) ; 1855, 

 143 (Bogota, (/olomhia); 1858, 64 (Rio Napo, e. Ecuador), 451 ((nialaquiza 

 and Zamora, Ecuador); Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 34 (Bogota). — Putnam, Proc. 

 Essex Inst., i, 1856, 206 (Massachusetts, breeding). — Bryant, Proc. Bost. 

 Sac. N. H., vi, 1857, 116 (Nova Scotia).— Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 

 1858, 294; Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 214; Review Am. Birds, 1865, 239.— 

 Sclater and Salvin, Ibis, 1859, 11 (Guatemala). — Lawrence, Ann. Lj'c. 

 N. Y., vii, 1862, 467 (Panama R. R. ); ix, 1868, 95 (Dota Mts., Costa Rica) .— 

 BoARDMAN, Proc. Bost. Soc. , ix, 1862, 125 (Maine, breeding). — Blakiston, 

 Ibis, 1863, 63 (Saskatchewan).— Dresser, Ibis, 1865, 478 (Texas).— McIl- 

 wRAiTH, Proc. Essexinst., V, 1866,86 (Hamilton, Ontario). — Lawrence, Ann. 

 Lye. N. Y., ix, 1868, 95 (Dota, Costa Rica).— Frantzius, Journ. fiir Orn., 1869, 



^ Seven specimens. 



