BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 



83 



Adult female.— hQngi'a (skins), 116.8i-131.06 (123.9.5); wing, 69.60- 

 71.68 (71.12); tail, 53.31r-58.17 (56.13); exposed culmen, 6.86-8.61 

 (7.87); depth of bill at base, 5.81-6.60 (6.10); tarsus, 13.16-15.21 

 (11.18); middle toe, 7.11-8.38 (7.62).^ 



Circumpolar continental districts, especially in Arctic America and 

 northeastern Asia. Breeding- from Ungava (Fort Chimo) to western 

 Alaska (St. Michael, etc.). South in winter to more northern United 

 States; Maine (Westbrook) ; Massachusetts (Swampscott, Revere Beach, 

 Nantasket Beach); Ontario (Hamilton Beach); Michigan, northern 

 Illinois (Chicago, Mt. Carroll), etc., and in eastern Asia to Commander 

 Islands and northern Japan. 



Fi'higilla linariavar. /i. Nilssox Faun. Svec, i, 1817, 150. 



Linaria rufescens (not of Vieillot), male, Rorx, Orn. Prov., 1825, pi. 99. 



PringiUa borealis (not Linaria boreaUs Vieillot) Audubon, Orn. Biog., v, 1839, 87, 

 pi. 400. 



Linota borealis Bon.\p.\.rte, Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 34, part. 



Linaria borealis (not of Vieillot) Audubox, Synop.si8, 1839,114; Birds Am., oct. 

 ed., iii, 1841, 120, pi. 178. 



jEgiotlms borealis Swixhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1871, 386 (north China); Ibis, 

 1874, 160 (Hakodate, Japan); 1878, 245 (Yezo, Japan). 



(?) Aeantliis linaria {not Fringilla linaria Linnseus) Bonaparte and Schlegel, 

 Mon. des Loxiens, 1850, pi. 52. 



Fringilla linaria (not of Linn.'Bus), male, Schlegel, Vog. Nederl., 1854, pi. 171. 



Linota linaria Blakistox and Pryer, Trans. Asiat. Soc. Japan, viii, 1880, 233 

 (Yezo, Japan); x, 1882,174 (Yezo, Japan). 



Fringilla {Acanthus) linaria var. canescens (not Linaria canescens Gould) Schrexck, 

 Reise Amurl., i, 1860, 296. 



Fringilla canescens Sommerfeldt, Ofv. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Forh., 1861,81 (East Fin- 

 mark ) . 



Cannabina canescens Swixhoe, Ibis, 1861, 335 (n. China). 



jEgiotlms canescens Ross, Edinb. Philos. Journ.,1861, 163 (62° n. lat., Hudson Bay 

 region). — Verrill, Proc. Essex Inst., iii, 1862, 157 (Maine; rare winter 

 visit.).— Swixhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1863, 299 (n. China, winter).— 

 Blakistox, Ibis, 1863, 71 (Carlton House, Brit. America, Nov. toMar. ). — 

 Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, i, 1874, 498, part. — David 

 and OusTALET, Ois. Chine, 1877, 336 (n. China, winter). 



^ Eighteen specimens. 



There is apparently little geographic variation in measurements, as the following 

 averages will show: 



Locality. 



MALES. 



Twelve specimens from Fort Chimo, Ungava 



Twelve specimens from Alaska 



Seven specim.ens from northeastern Asia 



FEMALES. 



Eight specimens from Ungava 



Five specimens from Alaska 



Five specimens from northeastern Asia 



7-4.93 

 75.44 

 75.18 



72.39 

 71.63 



72. 14 



Tail. 



57.40 

 58.42 

 55.63 



55.63 

 56.90 

 56.64 



Ex- Depth 



posed ! of bill 



culmen. at base. 



7.87 

 7.62 

 7.87 



8.13 

 7.62 

 7.62 



G.35 

 6.10 

 6.60 



6.35 

 6.10 

 6.10 



Middle 

 I toe. 



14.73 

 14.48 

 14.48 



14.48 

 14.48 

 14.48 



7.62 



7.62 

 7.87 



7.62 

 7.87 

 7.62 



