BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 85 



Linota e.riUjjes Dresser, Birds Europe, pts. 57, 58, 1877, 51, pi. 189, fig. 1. — Newton, 

 Zoologist, 1877, 6.— Brooks, Ibis, 1885, 382 (crit). 



Acanthise.rilipesSnxiiPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xii, 1888,254 (localities in Fiiimark, 

 Norway, Lapland, Russia, and Siberia). 



Lmaria sibirica (not of Boie, 1822), "Severzow (in litt. )," Homeyer, Journ. fiir 

 Orn., xxvii, April, 1879, 185 (Onon and Baikal, Siberia; coll. von Homeyer). 



Linota sibirica Homeyer and Taxcre, Mitt. Orn. Yer. Wien, 1883, 89 (crit.). 



L. [inarial pallescens Homeyer, Journ. f iir Orn. , xxviii, Apr. , 1880, 156 (== L. sibir- 

 ica Homeyer, 1879). 



Acantlns hornemannii pallescens Stejxeger, Auk, i, Apr., 1884, 153. 



ACANTHIS LINARIA LINARIA (Linnaeus). 

 REDPOLL. 



About the size of A. horixeniminiiexili^^es^ but wing and tail (especially 

 the latter) averaging' shorter, bill and toes decidedly longer, and colora- 

 tion much darker; the rump, never white, and the under tail-coverts 

 always conspicuously streaked with dusky. 



Adult male in breeding dress. — Forehead (narrowly) dusk}"; crown 

 bright poppy red; general color of remaining upper parts dark gray- 

 ish brown or sepia, indistinctly streaked with darker, and more or less 

 streaked with grayish white, especially on hindneck, lower back, and 

 median portion of upper back; rump mixed pink and graj'ish white, 

 broadly streaked with dusk}-; upper tail-coverts grayish brown edged 

 with paler; wings and tail dusky grayish brown, the remiges and 

 rectrices narrowly edged with pale brownish gray or dull grayish 

 white, the middle and greater wing-coverts narrowly tipped with 

 grayish white; chin and upper portion of throat dusk}"; cheeks, lower 

 throat, chest, and sides of breast deep peach-blossom pink, often tinged 

 with bright poppy red; rest of under parts white, the sides, flanks, 

 and under tail-coverts broadly streaked with dusky; bill horn color 

 basally, dusky at tip; legs and feet dusky brown or blackish. 



Adult male in icinter2)lu7nage. — Much lighter colored than in sum- 

 mer, the prevailing color of back, scapulars, and hindneck light, more 

 or less bufi'y grayish brown, distinctly streaked with dusk}-; the lower 

 back and rump streaked with dusky and whitish (the latter often more 

 or less mixed with pink on lower rump); the wing-bands and lighter 

 edgings of remiges, etc., more or less inclining to bufi'y; the pink of 

 chest, etc., paler (rose pink), and the bill light yellow with black at 

 tip or along terminal portions of culmeu and gon3"s. 



Adult female {and some ajyparently adult malex). — Similar to the 

 male, but without any pink or red on the under parts, the portions so 

 colored on the male being pale bully or whitish; the seasonal differ- 

 ences exactly as in the adult male. 



Young. — No red on crown, the whole pileuni being broadh" streaked 

 with dusky and pale grayish buffy; sides of throat, chest, and sides of 



