156 



BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



chest, unci more or less obscured by whitish or pale brownish tips to 

 feathers; sides of head (including- lores and greater part of ear-coverts) 

 mosth' dull light broAvnish; rufous on hindnock also similarly obscured. 



Adult female in, sumrner. — Much like winter male, but markings 

 more sharph^ defined, black areas of chest, etc., more restricted and 

 still more broken, hindneck streaked with blackish, and size smaller. 



Adult female in winter. — Similar to summer plumage, but browner 

 and less sharply streaked above, hindneck often without trace of 

 rufous, lower parts dull brownish white, and dusky markings of chest, 

 etc.. ver\' indistinct. 



Young. — Above dull buli'v, everywhere (except on wings and tail) 

 broadly streaked with black; beneath pale buffy, the lower throat, 

 chest, and sides of breast T)roadly streaked with l)lackish. 



Adult male.— hevLgth. (skins), 141.27-172.72 (159.26); wing, 90.17- 

 100.58 (96.01); tail, 59.69-66.55 (02.99); exposed culmen, 10.41-12.19 

 (11.13); depth of bill at base, 6.10-7.11 {Q.^'o): tarsus, 20.57-22.61 

 (21.81); middle toe, 13.21-11.99 (13.97).^ 



Adult fenude.—ljQwgth (skins), 135.89-157.18 (115.03); Aving, 87.63- 

 *d-2.'A) (90.17); tail, 58.42-61.77 (60.96); exposed culmen, 10.41-11.43 

 (10.67); depth of bill at base, 6.10-7.37 (6.60): tarsus, 20.57-22.35 

 (21.08); middle toe, 12.9.5-13.97(13.46).' 



Breeding in arctic and subarctic districts of Europe, northeastern 

 North America, including Greenland, and for an undetermined distance 

 westward), Melville peninsula, shores of Cumberland Sound, Ungava, 

 etc. , and at least the more western portions of Siberia; in North America 

 migrating south in winter (more or less irregularly) to Virginia, South 

 Carolina, Kentucky, eastern Kansas, Indian Territor3% and even to 



' Sixteen specimens. 



- Nine specimens. 



European specimens are apparently the same in coloration as tliose from northeast- 

 ern North America, l)ut the series of the former wliich I liave been a]:)le to examine 

 is very small, consisting of only two adult males and three adult females. The aver- 

 age measurements reveal some differences, which, however, appear to be the result 

 of too great inequality in number of the specimens of the two series, the length of 

 wing, tail, and culmen being decidedly greater in the European males, hut smaller in 

 the European females. The averages are as follows: 



