BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 145 



I.)-— RiDGWAY, Proo. r. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 238; Man. N. Am. Birds, 



1887, 593. — British Ornithologists' Union, List Brit. Birds, 1883, 51. — 

 Seebohm, Hist. Brit. Birds, ii, 1884, 63.— Merriam, Auk, i, 1884, 295 (near 

 Point de Monts, prov. Quebec, May 27); Xortli Am. Fauna, no. 5, 1891, 

 102 (Pocatello, Idaho). — Bartlett, Mon. Ploceid. and Fringillid., pt. ii, 



1888, pi. 3.— Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xii, 1888, 307, part (excl. syn. 

 Passer indicus, etc.). — Cooke, Bird Migr. 3Iiss. Val., 1888, 184 (localities, 

 etc.); Birds Colorado, 1897, 99 (resident); Bull. Col. Agric. Coll., no. 44, 

 1898, 165 (e. base of foothills for 200 miles) .— Hagerup, Auk, vi, 1889, 297 

 (s. Greenland; introduced). — Coues (W. P.), Auk, vii, 1890, 212 (Cape 

 Breton, Nova Scotia). — ^Mortimer, Auk, vii, 1890, 342 (Orange Co., Florida, 

 1 spec. March, 1887).— Caulfield, Canad. Rec. Sci., 1890, 149 (:Montreal, 

 resident). — Nehrling, Our Native Birds, etc., ii, 1896, 66. — Prentiss, Auk, 

 xiii, 1896, 239 (Bermudas) .—Pearson, Auk, xiv, 1897, 99 (Archer, Florida, 

 1 spec. July, 1896). 



P.lasser'] domcsticus Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, 1849, 372. — Cabanis, Mus. Hein., i, 

 1851, 155.— Coues, Key X. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 344.— ^Ridgway, Man. N. 

 Am. Birds, 1887, 401. 



[Passer'\ domestlcas Boy \pakte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 509. 



[Passer] domestlcns Gray, Hand-list, ii, 1870, 85, no. 7257. — Coues, Key X. Am. 

 Birds, 1872, 146.— Cory, List Birds W. I., 1885, 13 (Cuba; "Antilles"). 



Pyrgita domest tea CvviER, Regne Aiiim., i, 1817, 385. — Brehm, Yog. Deutschl., 

 1831, 264. — Gould, Birds Europe, iii, 1837, pi. 184. — Bonaiwrte, Geog. and 

 Comp. List, 1838, 31. — Baird, Brewer, and RirxjwAY, Hist. X. Am. Birds, i, 

 1874, 525, pi. 23, fig. 12. 



Pyrgita pagorum Brehm, Vog. Deutschl., 1831, 265. 



Pyrgita rnsficaBREH-ii, Vug. Deutschl., 1831, 266. 



PASSER MONTANUS (Linnaeus). 

 EUROPEAN TREE SPARROW. 



Adults {sc.vcs al/'l'c). — Pileum and hindneck uniform vinaceous-l^rown 

 or light chocolate; lesser wing-coverts ehocolate-l)rown ; rest of upper 

 parts light gni^dsh brown, the back streaked with black; middle and 

 greater wiug-coverts tipped with white, forming two narrow bands; 

 lores, orbits, anterior part of malar region, chin, and median portion 

 of throat black; rest of under parts dull white, becoming olive-buliy 

 or butfy gra^^ish on sides and flanks, the chest also more or less shaded 

 with pale buflJ'y grayish; cheeks and sides of neck white, inclosing a 

 black spot on auricular region; bill mostly dusky; legs and feet light 

 brownish; length (skins), 184.11-138.43 (130.40); wing, (>,s. 58-70.87 

 (69.34); tail, 50.80-52.58 (51.56); exposed culmen, 10.92; tarsus, 17.27- 

 17.78 (17.53); middle toe, 12.70-12.95 (12.82).^ 



Yoimg.—Shmlar to adults, but color of pileum, etc., lighter, more 

 brown, and black markings of throat, etc., replaced b}' less sharply 

 defined areas of dusky grayish. 



Europe in general, and eastward through Asia to China and Japan; 



^ Three specimens. 

 17024—01 10 



