282 BULLETIN TjO, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Coll., 1882, 232. — Brewstek, Auk, i, 1884, 15 (Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 

 breeding). — Drew, Auk, ii, 1885, 16 (Colorado, in winter). — Bicknell, Auk, 

 ii, 1885, 14(1 (song).— Sharhe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xii, 1888, 847 (Repulse 

 Bay; Fort Simpson, etc. ). 



J.^urico'] Jiicmalis Coves, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1888, .S77. 



[Junco hyemalli\ var. hyemalis Ridgway, Am. Nat., vii, Oct., 187o, 612. — Baird, 

 Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, i, 1874, 579. 



Junco hyemalis var. hyemalis Trippe, in Coues' Birds N. W., 1874, 144 (Colo- 

 rado, not uncommon in winter). 



\_Junco hyemulls] B,. hyemalv< Coves, Birds N. W., 1874, 141 (synonymy). 



[Junco hyemalh'] b. Jiyemnlis Trippe, in Coues' Birds N. W., 1874, 145 (crit. ). 



FringUla Jnulsomia^ Forster, Philos. Trans., Ixii, 1772, 406,428 (Severn R., Hnd- 

 vson Bay). 



\_Fr'mgUki\ Inulsonla CfniEiAH, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 926. 



Niphaea . . . hudsoida Lichtenstein, Nomencl. Av. 31us. BeroL, 1854, 43. 



Fringilla nivalis Wilson, Am. Orn., ii, 1810, 129, pi. 16, fig. 6(E. Pennsylvania; 

 Peade's Mus.).— Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., i, 1832, 491. 



JUNCO HYEMALIS CAROLINENSIS Brewster. 

 CAROLINA JTJNCO. 



Similar to -/. Ji. htjcinaUx^ ])iit laro-er, especially the l)ill. and colora- 

 tion lighter and more uniform, the head not darker than che.st or ])ack, 

 and the color one or two shades lighter than in -A Ji. Jii/iuidlls (nearer 

 slate-gTay than slate-color); hill (in life) lig^ht bluish horn color, instead 

 of pinkish or lilaceoiis white; young- .similar to that of ./. Ji. hyeiiialh^ 

 but less l)i"own and more narrowly streaked aljove. and with ground- 

 cohjr of anterior and lateral under parts darker. 



Adult /y«?/(^— ^Length (skins), 14-1.02-157. 48 (154.18); wing, 77.72- 

 82.30 (80.26); tail, 67.82-73.15 (70.36); exposed culmen, 10.67-12.19 

 (11.43); depth of bill at base (two specimens), 6.10-6.35 (6.22); tarsus, 

 20.32-22.61 (21.84); middle toe, 13.72-15.49 (14.73).' 



Adnltf<:mah.—l^^\\<gW\ (skins), 139.95-151.89 (144.53); wing, 74.17- 

 77.98 (75.69); tail, 61.47-7<).1(» (()6.04); exposed culmen, 10.67-11.68 

 (11.18); depth of bill at base (one specimen), 6.35; tarsus, 20.57-22.86 

 (21.59); middle toe, 14.48-14.99 (14.73)." 



Breeding in the higher portions of southern AUeghanies, from Vir- 

 ginia (White Top ^Mountain, Salt Pond Mountain, etc.) and AVest Vir- 

 ginia to northern Georgia, western North Carolina, and eastern 

 Tennessee (Unaka Mountains); in winter descending to surrounding 

 lowlands. 



Junco liyemality (not Friuyilla Jiytiiiaiis Liniiceus) Baird, Brewer, and Ridg- 

 way, Hi.st. N. Am. Birds, i, 1874, 580, part.— Coues, Am. Nat., x, 1876, 114 

 (breeding on mountains of s. w. Virginia). — Moran, Forest and Stream, xi, 

 1878, 222 (breeding in mountains of w. North Carolina and n. Georgia). — 

 Ragsdale, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 238 (breeding on Unaka Mts., 

 e. Tennessee). — Blanchard, Orn. and Ool., ix, 1884, 23 (Macon Co., w. 



^ Eight specimens. ^ Six specimens. 



