414 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Pipilo macidatus, var. (irdicn^ Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. X. Am. Birds, 

 ii, 1874, 119. — CouEs, Birds 2s. "\V., 1874, 175 (excl. sj'n. part). — Allen, Proc. 

 Bost. Sot'. N. H., xvii, 1874, 59 (North Dakota and eastern Montana). — 

 Snow, Obs. Nature, iii, 1876 (Ellis, w. Kansas, ()ct., Nov.). 



\_Pipilomaculatus\a.r. ctrcticus'] c. arcticusCovES, Birds N. W., 1874, 175 (synonymy). 



Pipilo maculatus arciicus Coues, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., iv, 1878, 599 (Sourig 

 R., North Dakota; Quaking Asp R., e. Montana; notes) ; Check List, 2d ed., 

 1882, no. 304.— Ridgway, Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 238.— (?) Drew, 

 Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 139 (San Juan Co., Colorado).— (?) Merrill, 

 Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 206 (Big Horn Mts., etc., Montana; habits; 

 descr. nest and eggs). — Beckham, Auk, ii, 1885, 142 (Pueblo, Colorado). — 

 Agersborg, Auk, ii, 1885, 282 (s. e. South Dakota). ^American Ornitholo- 

 gists' Union, Check Li.st, 1886, no. 588.— Cooke, BirdMigr. Miss. Val., 1888, 

 214 (localities and dates) ; Birds Colorado, 1897, 107 (Colorado east of moun- 

 tains, winter resident). — Goss, Birds Kansas, 1891, 482 (wdnter resid., rare 

 in e. Kansas, common in mid. and w. Kansas) . — Attwater, Auk, ix, 1892, 

 339 (San Antonio, Texas, winter). — Richmond and Knowlton, Auk, xi, 

 1894, 306 (s. centr. Montana, breeding).— Thorne, Auk, xii, 1895,217 (Fort 

 Keogh, Montana, breeding). — (?) Dawson, Auk, xiv, 1897, 178 (Okanogan 

 Co., e. Washington, 1 spec. Feb. 24). 



P.\_ipilo'] m-laculatua'] arcticus Coves, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed, 1884, 396. 



P. [ipilo'] maculatus ctrcticus Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 437. 



\_Pip\lo maculatus.'\ Subsp. a. Pipilo o?-c^(m,sSHARPE, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xii, 

 1888, 748. 



\_Pi2nl0 arcticus.'\ Variety sub-arcticus Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 

 515, in text (Fort Pierre, Nebraska, etc.; U. S. Nat. Mus.). 



Pipilo maculatus . . . var. megalonyx (not Pipilo megalonyx Baird) Yarrow 

 and Henshaw, Rep. Orn. Spec. Wheeler's Surv., 1872 (1874), 15, part 

 (Provo, Utah, Dec.).— Henshaw, Zool. Exp. W. 100th Merid., 1875, 303, 

 part (Toquerville, North Creek, and Provo, Utah, Oct. 24 to Nov. 30). 



Pipilo maculatus megaloni/.r Brown, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 39, jmrt 

 (Kendall. Co., Texas; crit.).— Brewster, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii, 1883, 

 191, part (Colorado Springs, Colorado; crit.). — Beckham, Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., X, 1888, 679 (San Antonio, Leon Spi'ings, Beeville, and Corpus Christ!, 

 Texas, winter) . 



PIPILO MACULATUS MAGNIROSTRIS Brewster. 

 MOTJNTAIN TOWHEE. 



Similar to Pi 70. megalonyx but wing and tail decidedh' shorter, 

 ))ill larger, hind claw averaging larger, white on outermost tail-feathers 

 decidedh^ more extensive, and color of sides and flanks much paler 

 (buff-tawny instead of deep cinnamon-rufous). 



Adult male. — Upper parts decidedly less uniform and more brownish 

 black than in P. m. megalonyx^ the rump with more or less admixture of 

 olive-grayish or brownish (usually mostly of this color) and the back 

 usuall}" more or less tinged with the same; length (two skins), 195. 5S- 

 203.20 (199.39); wing, 85.09-92.20 (average 88.65); tail, 88.90-101.60 

 (95.76); exposed culmen. 13.97-15,49 (14.99); tarsus, 27.69-30.48 (28.45); 



