BIRD?^ OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMP:KTCA. 435 



to Mendocino and Shti.sta counties, south to Santa Baiiiara and Kern 

 counties, and northern part of San Bernardino County. 



Fri)igiUa crissalis Vigors, Zool. Voy. "Blossom", 18;>9, 19 (Monterey. California; 

 type in Brit. Mus.M- 



[P(joiZo] dissalis Gray, Hand-list, ii, 1870, 93, no. 7635. 



IPipilo fuscus-l Var. crissalis Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 153. 



Plp'do fuscus . . . var. crissalis Coues, Check List, 1873, no. 2066. — Hensha\\% 

 Rep. Wheeler's Surv., 1876, 2-17 (Santa Barbara; "Walker's Basin; Kernville; 

 habits). 



Pipilo fuscus, var. crissalis Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. X. Am. Birds, 

 ii, 1874, 122.— Nelson, Proo. Bost. Soc. X. H., xviii, 1875, 359 (Nevada, 

 California). — Cooper, Am. Nat., x, 1876, 92. 



Pipilufnscu rrissalisJiimiVi-AX, Bnll. Essex Inst., vi, Oct., 1874, 172. 



Pipilo fuscus crissalis Brewster, Bull. Nut. Orn. Club, iv, Jan., 1879, 41 (Nicasio, 

 Marin Co., California; descr. young).— Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., iii, 

 Aug. 24, 1880, 181; Norn. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 2406.— Coues, Check List, 

 2d ed., 1882, no. 308.— Americax Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 1886, 

 no. 5916.— Ever.mann, Auk, iii, 1886, 182 (Ventura Co., California).— Town- 

 send, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 1887, 220 (n. Sacramento Valley).— Fisher, 

 N. Am. Fauna, no. 7, 1893, 105, part (Cajon Pass, Argus Range, etc.. s. e. 

 California) . 



P.[ipilo] fluscus] crissalis CovEti, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 397. 



P. [ipilo} fuscus a^issalis Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 441. 



Pipilo fuscus, ft. crissalis Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i. Mar. 21, 1879. 420 

 (centr. California, resident). 



Pipilo crissalis Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii. 1874, j)l. 31, 

 fig. 9. — Ridgway, Orn. 40th Parallel, 1877, 498 (w. base Sierra Nevada i : Proc. 

 U.S. Nat. Mas., i, 1879, 391 (Calaveras Co., California). 



[Pipilo fuscus.'] Snbsp. a. Pipilo crissalis Shari-e, Cat. Birds Brit. IMus.. xii, 1888, 

 753. 



Pipilo fusca (not of Swainson) Baird, in Stansbury's Rep. Great Salt Lake, 1852, 

 330 (California).— Cassin, lUustr. Birds Cal., Tex., etc.. 1856, 124, pi. 17 (Cali- 

 fornia). — Newberry, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., vi, pt. iv, 1857, 89 (Sacramento 

 Valley). — Heermann, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., x, ]>t. iv, 1859, 51 (California). 



Pipilo fuscus Heermann, Journ. Ac. Nat.Sci. Phila., ii, 1852, 267 (California). — 

 Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1857, 127 (San Jose Valley, California); 

 Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 119, excl. syn. part (Santa Clara, California). — Baird, 

 Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 18.58, 517, excl. syn. part; Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, 

 no. 396.— Xantus, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1859, 192 (Fort Tejon, Cali- 

 fornia). — Cooper, Orn. Cal., 1870, 245, excl. syn. part. 



/'. [y'pv'to] fusctis Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 487, part (California). 



[Oriturus'] wrangeli Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, July 10, 1850, 47 (X'orth America; 

 nomen nudum!). 



Oritums vravrjeli "Brandt" Bonaparte, Comjtt. Rend., xliii, 1856, 413. 



PIPILO CRISSALIS CAROLiE (McGregor). 

 NORTHERN BROWN TOWHEE. 



Similar to 7*. ('. e/"/.s-.vr///.s- but slightly darker and less brown al)ove, 

 with pileuni nearly concolor with back instead of decidedlj- more 

 rufescent; back, etc., dark hair brown rather than drab brown, the 



'Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xii. 1888, 7-54. 



