BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 487 



Southern California (south of San Bernardino ^Mountains) and 

 northern Lower California (south along- Paoitie side at least to parallel 

 of 29°). 



Pipilofuscu.'^erissaU.'^ (not Fringilla crissalift Vigors) Belding, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas., 

 V, 1883, 528 (San Quentin Bay, Lower California). — Morcom, Bull. Ridgw. 

 Orn. Club, no. 2, 1887, 50 (San Bernardino and San Diego counties, Cali- 

 fornia).— Emerson, Bull. Cal. Ac. Sci., no. 7, 1887, 423,429 (Volcano Mts. 

 and Poway, San Diego Co.). — (?) Fisher, X. Am. Fauna, no. 7, 1893, 105, 

 part (San Bernardino) . — Anthony, Zoe, iv, 1893, 242 (San Pedro Martir Mts., 

 Lower California ) . 



Pipilo fuscus senicula Anthony, Auk, xii, Apr., 1895, 111, 141 (San Fernando, 

 Lower California; coll. A. W Anthony). — American Ornithologists' Union, 

 Check List, 2d ed., 1895, no. 591c.— Ridgw ay, Man. N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 

 1896, 605.— Grinnell, Pub. ii, Pasadena Ac. Sci., 1898, 40 (Los Angeles Co., 

 California, up to 4,000 ft., resident). 



Genus MELOZONE Reichenbach. 



Melozone Reichenbach, Av. Syst. Nat., March 1, 1850, pi. 79, fig. 1. (Type, 



Pyrgita biarcunta Prevost and Des Murs. ) 

 Pyrgisoma "Pucheran" Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, July 20, 1850, 486. (Type, 



Pyrgita biareuata Prevost and Des IVIurs. ) 

 Kieneria Bonaparte, Compt. Rend, xl, 1855, 356. (Type, Pyrgimmn l:ieneri 



Bonaparte.) 



Medium-sized terrestrial Fringillida^ with long- and stout feet, much 

 rounded wing, tail shorter (or at least not longer) than wing, and the 

 plumage without streaks. 



Bill moderate (exposed culmen al)out half as long as tarsus, or some- 

 what more), its depth at base equal to or slightl}" more than length of 

 gon3's, and decidedly greater than basal width; culmen nearly straight 

 to near tip, where distinctly convex; gonys straight or yery faintly 

 convex, a little shorter than distance from nostrils to tip of maxilla; 

 maxillary tomium first g'enth" concave, then gently conyex in mid- 

 dle portion, then concaye directly in front of the decidedh' but not 

 abruptly deflected rictal portion; mandibular tomium gentlv conyex, 

 its subbasal angle distinctly toothed. Wing rather short (nearly two 

 and three-fourths to about three and a half times as long as tarsus), 

 much rounded (ninth primary much shorter than secondaries, the sev- 

 enth to fifth or fourth longest) ; primaries exceeding secondaries by less 

 than length of gonys. Tail equal to or shortei" than wing, more or 

 less rounded, the rectrices broad and rounded at tips, less than half 

 covered by coverts. Tarsus moderate, usually shorter than middle 

 toe with claw (a little longer in 3L rnh'icatum), its scutella distinct; 

 lateral claws reaching nearly or quite to base of middle claw; hind 

 claw usuall}' shorter than its digit (equal to it in J/, ruhricatum). 



Coloration. — Above plain brown or brownish gray; edge of wing- 

 white or yellow (the latter in J/i leueotis and J/! oecipitalis); occiput 



