BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 617 



Warren, Birds Pennsylvania, 1890, 246 (breeding in Chester, Delaware, 

 Crawford, and Erie connties). — Goss, Birds Kansas, 1891, 484 (e. Kansas, 

 rare summer resid. ; w. Kansas, rare migrant). — Porter, Auk, ix, 1892, 302 

 (descr. abnormal plumaged male). — Todd, Auk, x, 1893, 40 (Indiana and 

 Clearfield counties, w. Pennsylvania, breeding). — Scott, Auk, x, 1893, 179 

 (Jamaica). — Ulrey and Wallace, Proc. Ind. Ac. Sci., 1895, 155 (Wabash 

 Co., Indiana, breeding). — Nehrling, Our Native Birds, etc., ii, 1896, 199, 

 pi. 25, tigs. 2, 3. — Oberholser, Bull. Ohio Agric. Exp. Sta., tech. ser., i, 

 no. 4, 1896, 34^5 (Wayne Co., n. e. Ohio, summer resid.; habits). — Butler, 

 Birds Indiana, 1897, 978 (breeding south to Wal)ash, Tippecanoe, Vigo, 

 Boone, Monroe, Madison, antl Clinton counties). 



\_Hubia] Indovinann Cory, List Birds W. I., 1885, 12. 



H.l(ibia'\ li(dvvlciami Rid(;way, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 444. 



Loxia ro.se« Wilson, Am. Orn., ii, 1810, 135, pi. 17, tig. 2 (e. Pennsylvania; 

 Peale's Mus. ). 



Loxia rubricolUs Mvi.L,^n, Syst. Nat. Suppl., 1776, 151 (Louisiana). 



Coccothraustes ruhricollis Vieillot, Gal. Ois., i, 1825, 67, pi. 58. 



Frhigilla rhodocampler Lichtenstein, Preis-Verz. Hex. Vog., 1830, 1 (Mexico; 

 see Cabanis, Journ. fiir Orn., 1863, 56). 



{^Loxlal obscura Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 862 (New York; based on Dusky 

 Grosbeak Pennant, Arctic Zool., ii, 351; Latham, Synopsis, ii, pt. i, 127; = 

 female or young). — Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 379. 



IFrinyiUd^ punicea Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 921 (Sandy Hook, New Jersey; 

 based on Red-breasted Finch Pennant, Arctic Zool., ii, 372; Latham, Index 

 Orn., iii, 272; = adult male). — Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 444. 



Hedymeles melanocephala, (not Guirara melanocephala Swainson) Cabanis, Journ. 

 fiir Orn., 1856, 9 (Cuba); 1861, 412 (do.).— Cory, Birds W. I., 1889, 90; Cat. 

 W. I. Birds, 1892, 123. 



ZAMELODIA MELANOCEPHALA (Swainson). 

 BLACK-HEADED GROSBEAK. 



Under wing-coverts and axillars clear lemon-yellow. 



Adult male ui summer. — Head black, the throat (sometimes also a 

 postocular stripe or a median crown-stripe, or both)/ light cinnamon- 

 ocher or tawny; wings, upper tail-coverts, and tail black, the first 

 varied by a broad band of white including the middle coverts, a large 

 white patch on liasal portion of primaries, and white spots at tips of 

 greater coverts and tertials, the last by large white spaces on terminal 

 portion of inner webs of two to three ^ outermost rectrices; upper tail- 

 coverts with white terminal spots; collar across hindneck, throat, chest, 

 breast, sides, Hanks, and riunp uniform ])utiy cinnamon or tawny; abdo- 

 men, under wing-coverts, and axillars clear lemon yellow; anal region 

 and under tail-coverts white; scapulars and interscapulars black cen- 

 trally, edged or margined with light tawny or cinnaman-lmliy (the 

 relative amount of the two colors vai-ying greatly in different Individ- 



' Specimens possessing these markings more common in the Pacitic coast district, 

 more rare in the Rocky IMountain district and in Mexico. 



^Sometimes there is more or less of a white spot at tip of fourth rectrix. 



