BIRDS Op' NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 625 



maxillary toiDiuiii deeply and an^'-ularly incised a little posterior to the 

 middle portion; mandible much deeper than the al)ruptly bent maxilla, 

 with its distinctly toothed tomial angle ahout midway between base and 

 tip; g-onys straight, greatly ascending, shorter than distance from nos- 

 tril to tip of maxilla; depth of bill at base much greater than its width. 

 Nostrils exposed. Rictal })ristles rather distinct. Wing rather short 

 (about three and a half times as long as tarsus), much rounded (eighth 

 to fifth primaries longest, ninth not longer than second); primaries 

 exceeding secondaries by about the length of the middle toe (without 

 claw). Tail long (decidedly longer than wing), rounded, the rectrices 

 rather broad and nearly truncated at tips, less than half hidden by 

 upper coverts. Tarsus less than twice as long as exposed culmen, 

 slightly longer than middle toe with claw, its scutella very distinct; 

 lateral claws falling far short of base of middle claw; hallux shorter 

 than lateral toes, its claw shorter than the digit. Crown with a long, 

 pointed crest of narrow feathers. 



Coloration. — Grayish, with pink-red under wing-coverts and dusky- 

 red crest and tail; the adult males with fore part of head and median 

 underparts red. 



Range. — Northern and central Mexico and adjacent border of United 

 States; Lower California. (Monotypic.) 



KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF PYRRHULOXIA. 



a. Fore part of head clear poppy red or geranium red (adult male) or light buffy gray- 

 ish, with red over lores and around eyes (adult female) ; back, etc. , paler and more 

 brownish gray; bill smaller (culmen averaging 15.49 in male, 14.99 in female). 

 h. Larger, except the bill; adult male with wing averaging 93.47, tail 102.11, tarsus 

 25.15; adult female with wing averaging 90.93, tail 95.00, tarsus24.38. (North- 

 western Mexico, southern Arizona and New ^lexico, and exti-eine western part 



of Texas. ) Pyrrhuloxia sinuata sinuata ( p. 625) 



hi). Smaller, except the bill ; adult male with wing averaging 87.88, tail 93.98, culmen 

 15.49, tarsus 24.13; adult female with wing averaging 84.07, tail 91.95, tarsus 

 23.37.) (Cape St. Lucas district, Lower California.) 



Pyrrhuloxia sinuata peninsulse (p. 627) 

 Off. Fore part of head more or less dusky, especially on lores and cheeks; back, etc., 

 darker and less brownish gray; bill larger (culmen averaging 16.00 in male, 

 15.75 in female. (Northeastern IMexico and southern Texas.) 



Pyrrhuloxia sinuata texana (p. 628) 



PYRRHULOXIA SINUATA SINUATA Bonaparte. 

 PYRRHULOXIA. 



Adult male. — Above brownish gray or grayish hair brown, becom- 

 ing purer gray (between drab-gray and smoke gra}^) on head and neck; 

 all the wing-feathers with concealed bases dusky red; outer webs of 

 primaries, primary coverts, and alula mosth^ dull red; middle tail- 

 feathers dusky brownish, becoming dark dull reddish medially, and 

 edged with brownish gray; rest of tail-feathers dull red, becoming 

 1702tlr— 01 40 



