224 PUBLICATIONS OF SPENCER F. BAIRD. 



1880. Baird, Spexcer F.— Continued. 



n. "What further should lie done, and wherefore 549 



m. The fishes which shoukl bo the objects of culture; also the kinds 

 of fishes and other aquatic animals which should bo reared as 



food for these 564 



IV. Acquired experience 580 



V. Estimated profit and the economical value of the water area 589 



XXIIT. Christian Wagner. "What does a fish coat ? By Christian "Wajjner 605 



ArPKXDix G.— The Propagation of Food Fisuks.— Applicatiox. 



Clupeidce. — The herring family . 



XXI'V. James "W. Milner. The propagation and distribution of shad in 1878. By 



• James "W. Milner .'. 611 



A. Station on Albom.irlo Sound 611 



B. Station near Havre de Grace, Maryland 618 



C. Potomac River station 610 



D. General results 619 



XX"V". H. A. Meyer. Biological observations made during the artificial raising 



of herrings in the Western Baltic. By H. A. Meyer. Preface. 629 



I. Influence of the temperature on the development of the eggs of the 



herring in spring 629 



II. Influence of Nuitli Sea w.ater on heirings' eggs from the Baltic . . . 634 



III. Baising young henings from artificially impregnated eggs 634 



XX"VI. A. V. Ljungman. The propag.ation and growth of the heiring and small 

 herring, with special regard to the coast of Bohuslan. By A. 

 "V. Ljungman 639 



Cyprinidce. — The carp family. 



XX"VII. Robert A. Poppe. The introduction and culture of the carp in Cali- 

 fornia. By Robert A. Poppe 661 



XX"VriI. Eben Bauditten. On carp culture, chiefly in its relation to agriculture. 



By Eben Bauditten G67 



XXIX. Dr. Ed. Vcckenstedt. On the carp-ponds of I^cthor-Lusatia. By Dr. E. 



Veckcnstedt 671 



XXX. Anonymous. The carp fisheries in tho Peitz Lakes 675 



XXXI. Anonymous. Mr. Christian Wagner's establishment for raising goldfish, 



at Oldenberg, Gennany '679 



Oadidce. — The cod family. 



XXXU. R; E. Earll. A report on the history and present condition of the shore 

 cod-fisheries of Cape Ann, Massachusetts, together with notes 

 on the natural history and artificial propagation of the species. 

 By R. E. Earll, assistant United States Fish Commission 685 



A. Intioduction 685 



B. The shore fisheries 686 



1. Origin of the cod fisheries of Cape Ann 686 



2. Character of tho fishing grounds G92 



3. Different schools C92 



4. Methods of capture 693 



5. The bait question '. C96 



6. Disposition made of the fish 700 



C. Natural liistory of the cod 704 



1. Geographical distribution 704 



2. Characteristics of the cod 705 



3. Food of tho cod 710 



4. Enemies of the cod 711 



5. Reproduction 712 



D. Hatching operations— 



1. Object of the work 718 



2. Preparations for hatching 718 



3. Manner of procuring eggs 719 



4. Hatching operations 720 



5. Difiaculties encountered 726 



