CHRONOLOGICAL CATALOGUE. 221 



1S80. Baird, Spencer F.— Coutinncd. 



Also lie in wait to catch returning adults and young xlviii 



Ko inducements to come inshore with diminution of afnadromous 



flsh xlijc 



Consequentnecessity to go many miles from land to take cod, &c.. xlis 



Upon anadromous fishes, as shad, salmon, &c slix 



Influence of artificial dams xlix 



Prevent ascent to spawning grounds xlix 



Time required to showmarlied eflfect xlix 



Sawdust 1 



Coal-tar and factory refuse 1 



Nets and pounds 1 



Remedies for the decrease ^ 1 



Legislation and protection 1 



Artificial piopagation 1 



7. Political and social importance of increase of flsh supply 1 



Relation between flsh and butchers' meat 1 



Former extent to wliich flsh were used as food 1 



8. Mode of increasing supply offish li 



By legislation li 



By fish-culture li 



Transfer and rearing of parent or young fish and eggs laid naturally li 



Practice of Chinese li 



Artificial propagation lii 



General principles and methods lii 



Economy of artificial propagation compared with natural lii 



Great superior! I y in results, of the former lii 



More complete fertilization of eggs lii 



Protection of eggs and yonng fish from enemies lii 



Estimated ratio lii 



History of artificial propagation lii 



In Europe •. lii 



In America lii 



Trout lii 



Shad liii 



Seth Green's method i liii 



Ferguson's method liii 



9. Operations of United States Fish Commission liii 



First established in 1 871 for iuquiry into the fisheries liii 



Propagation of fishes added in 1872 liv 



Fishes receiving special attention liv 



Shad and its importance liv 



Successful results of planting them liv 



The eastern or Atlantic salmon liv 



Results in the Connecticut and elsewhere Iv 



The California salmon Iv 



Advantages over other species Iv 



Great demand and extensive distribution Iv 



The German carp Ivi 



Best varieties Ivi 



Introduction of steam in hatching fish Ivi 



Invention of Mr. Ferguson Ivi 



Great increase in the number of shad hatched Ivi 



Application of apparatus to hatchery of cod Ivi 



Establishment at Gloucester. Mass Ivi 



Expectation of extending lino of coast cod-fisheries Ivii 



Application to hatching of mackerel, halibut, &c Ivii 



Elfect on British fisheries of increase in American supply Ivii 



E.— Tables of Distuibution of Fish fob 1878. 

 Table I.— Distribution of shad from April 11 to June 14, 1878, by the United States 



and Mars laud Commi.ssions of Fish and Fisheries Iviii 



Table II.— Distribution of California salmon reared from eggs collected in 1878* ... 1x1 



*The eggs of the California salmon were hatched out in 1878 but not distiibnted, for the most part, 

 until 1879. The hatching and distribution were made by the State fishery commissions, except when 

 otherwise stated. The imperfections of the returns will be remedied in the next report. 



