Jordan and Evermann. — Fishes of North America. 2419 



2773. PHOLIS GUWELLFS (LiniiEeus). 



(GUNNEL; BUTTER FlSH.) 



Head from 7 to 8 iu hody; depth 7 to 8; D. LXXYI to LXXXV; A. II, 

 38 to 44 ; V. 1, 1 ; eye 5 in head ; maxillary 3 ; P. 2 ; C. 1*. Head compressed, 

 naked; mouth oblique, the maxillary reaching to front of pupil; teeth 

 blunt, in a single row, somewhat enlarged anteriorly; interorbital a nar- 

 row ridge about \ eye. Distance from origin of dorsal to nape equal to 

 distance from nape to middle of eye ; pectoral rather large, about 2 in 

 head, inserted directly iinder front of dorsal. Color olive brown, sides 

 with numerous obscure darker bars ; base of dorsal with blackish spots, 

 generally bordered with a narrow yellow line, a dark bar running down- 

 ward and backward from eye; anal with dusky bars across the rays. 

 This species differs from Pholis oriiatiis in the more numerous fin rays and 

 in coloration; the spots on dorsal are black, edged with yellow; in P. 

 ornatns they are yellow with a black bar Ijefore and behind, each partly 

 encircling it ; no black bordered light streak from eye to occiput. Length 

 12 inches. North Atlantic, from Labrador south to Woods Hole and Nor- 

 way to France ; abundant on rocky shores among alga;, both in America 

 and Europe. Here described from specimens from Salem, Massachusetts. 

 (Eu.) {grunnellus, English gunnel, said to be corrupted from gunwale.) 



Blennius pinna dorsalis ocellis X nigris, Linn^us, Mus. Adolpli-Fred., i, 69. 



Blennius gunnellus, Linn^US, Syst. Nat., Ed.X, 257, 1758, Atlantic Ocean ; after Blennius 



pinna dorsalis, etc. 

 Ophidian imberbe, Linn.s:us, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 259, 1758, Europe ; after Oph. cirris careus, 



Artedi. 

 Gentronotus gunnellus, Blooh & Schneider, Syst. Iclitli., 1G7, 1801 ; Gunthee, Cat,, iii, 285, 



after Ruppell's typo. 

 Murcenoides gunnellus, JORDAN & Gilbert, Synopsis, 767, 1883. 

 Blennius euroiueus, Olafsen, Reisei Island, i, 81, 1772, Iceland. 

 Blennius murcenoides, Sujef, Act. Petrop. n, 1779, 195, no locality, probably the Baltic ; 



Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1184, 1788. 

 Murcenoides sujef, LAc6pi:DE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ii, 324, 1800; after Sujef. 

 Ophidium mueronatum, Mitchill, Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. N. T., ii, 1815,361, pi. 1, f. 1, 



New York; earliest American name. 

 Gtmellus vulgaris, Fleming, British Anim., 207, 1828, England. 



Murcenoides guttatus, Lac^p^de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ii, 324, 1800 : Tarrell, Brit. Pish., 1, 269. 

 Ounellus ingens, H. R. Stoeer, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vi, 1850, 261, pi. 8, f. 1, Labrador. 



(Coll.H. R. Storer.) 

 Gunellus macrocephalus, Girard, in H. R. Storer, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vi, 1850, 263, 



Chelsea Beach, Massachusetts (UoU. Chas. Girard) ; D. H. Stoker, Rept. Fish. Mass., 



£61, pi. 17, f. 3. 



2774. PHOLIS OBXATUS (Girard). 



Head 8 ; depth 8. D. LXXVII to LXXIX ; A. II, 35 to 37. Head naked, 

 very narrow above ; nape nearly equidistant between origin of dorsal and 

 front of orbit; origin of anal equidistant between base of caudal and base 

 of pectoral; pectoral 2 in head. Coloration, usually olive green above, 

 yellow or orange below,* but varying with the surroundings to brown 



* A specimen from near Seattle varies much in color from all the others before us. It 

 is purplish reil, paler below ; 2 conspicuous white spots bordered with white on front 

 of dorsal; a pale streak bordered with black from eye to nape. 



