Jordan and Evcrmann. — Fishes of N'orth America. 2427 



to the species of X'qyhidion. (hiJ/Joc;, the Sapajou, a kind of luoukey ; /'^Ou?, 

 fish; in allusion to the "peculiar monkey-like" jihysiognomy as seen from 

 the front.) 



2783. CEBEDICHTHYS VIOLACEUS (Ayres). 



Head 6A ; depth 6. D. XXIII, 41; A. I, 41. Maxillary extending to or 

 Ixyond orbit. Dorsal scaly at liase; vent neaier snout than base of can- 

 da] ; pectoral j length of head ; nape midway between dorsal and eye. 

 Dull olive grayish, mottled with lighter, sometimes reddish tinged; verti- 

 cal fins all edged with reddish ; cheek with 3 darker stripes, edged 

 with paler, 1 downward and backward from the eye, close behind angle 

 of mouth ; another above it to root of pectoral ; another running upward 

 and backward from the eye, and meeting its fellow over the crest. Length 

 30 inches. San Francisco to Point Concepcion; abundant; often brought 

 into the markets, {viohiceus, violet.) 



Ajiodichthys violaceus, Girard, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1854, 150, San Luis Obispo, Cali- 

 fornia. (Coll. Dr. Keiinerly.) 



Cehediehthis crisiagalli, Ayres, Proc. Cal. Ac. Nat. Sci., i, 1855, 58, San Francisco. 



Cebediehthys violacnts, Gikard, Pac. E. R. Surv., x, Fishes, 121, pi. 26, tigs. 4aud5, 1858; Jor- 

 dan & Gilbert, Synopsis, 774, 1883. 



912. PLAGIOGRAMMUS, Beau. 



Plagio(jranimus, Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1893, 699 (Iwjtkiniii). 



Body moderately elongate, compressed, cover(^d with very small scales; 

 lateral lines 2, viz, 1 beginning above and slightly in advance of the 

 upper angle of the gill opening and extending along the upper part of 

 the body, but not reaching the tail, and 1 beginning in advance of the end 

 of this and reaching to the caudal; numerous lateral ridges on the sides, 

 similar to those on Dictyosoma of Temminck & Schlegel; a series of sub- 

 pentagonal plate-like bodies along the abdominal edge on each 8id(^ be- 

 tween the ventral and the anal. Head moderately long, naked, with 

 pointed snout; month obli(]ue and rather large; jaws subequal, or the 

 lower slightly projecting; jaws with strong teeth in broad bauds, the iu- 

 termaxillaries with an outer series of enlarged cauiue-like teeth; teeth on 

 vomer and ])alate; a pair of large canines near the symphysis in each jaw, 

 the canines of the upper jaw fitting into an interspace Itehind the maudib- 

 ulary canines. A series of pores on the ramus of the mandibula continu- 

 ing around the preopercular edge; a series of similar pores along the 

 lower margin of the preorbital continued Ijackward and upward toward 

 the nape. Anterior nostril tubular; posterior without tube. Maxillary 

 broadly expanded posteriorly; lips well developed. Branchiostegals 5; 

 gill membranes partly united, but free from the isthmus behind. Gill 

 rakers minute, tubercular, in moderate number. A single long dorsal fin 

 consisting of spines only, the spines longest in the posterior portion; 

 anal fin lower than the dorsal, but similar in shape. Pectoral large, 

 entirely below median line. Ventrals well developed, in advance of pec- 

 torals; caiulal rounded, distinct. Intestinal canal short, with 5 small 

 pyloric cieca. {-itXdy loi, oh\\q\\c; ypafif^n), line.) 



