Jordan and Evermann. — Fishes of North America, 2541 



2909. GADUS TALLARIAS,* Linn»u8. 

 (Common Codfish.) 



Head 3^ to 4+; depth about 4. D. 14-21-19; A. 20-18. Head large, but 

 varying much iu size ; maxillary about reaching middle of orbit ; occipital 

 keel not greatly developed; teeth strong, cardiform, iu narrow bands, 

 those of the outer row in the upper Jaw and of the inner row in the lower 

 jaw somewhat enlarged. Eye moderate, aljout ^ length of snout. First 

 dorsal little elevated, its height about I length of head; vent under 

 front of second dorsal; caudal slightly omarginate; pectorals h length of 

 head. Greenish or brownish, su1>ject to many variations, sometimes yel- 

 lowish or reddish; back and sides with numerous rounded brownish spots; 

 lateral line pale ; fins dark. North Atlantic, south to Virginia, and France ; 

 one of the most important of food-fishes. (Fu.) {CaUarias, an old name 

 of the codfish.) 



Oadus callarias, Linnjeus, Syst. Kat., Ed. x, 252, 1758, yonng examples, Baltic Sea and 

 oceans of Europe, after Gadus, etc., cauda inter/ra of the Fauna Suecica; Cuvieb, 

 Regne Animal, Ed. 2, vol. n, 332, 1829; Jordan & &ilbeet. Synopsis, 804, 1883. 



Gadus morhua, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, 252, 1758, seas of Europe, after Gadiig, etc., 

 Cauda suhcequali of the Fauna Suecica; Richaedson, Fauna Bor.-Amer.,242, 1836. 



Gadu^ barbatus, Linn^us, Syst. Nat., Ed. x, i, 252, 1758. 



Gadus vertagus, Walbaum, Artedi Piac, m, 143, 1792; after Jdgershen, Klein, Hist. Nat. 

 Pise, V, 7, pi. 2, tig. 1, 1749. 



? Gadus heteroglossits, Walbaum, I. c.,144; after Hornbogen of Klein. 



Gadus arenosus, Mitchill, Trans. Lit. and Philos. Soc, I, 1815, rtG8, New York. 



Gadus rupestris, Mitchill, Trans. Lit. and Philos. Soc, 1, 1815, 368, New York. 



? Gadus nanus, Faber, Fische Islands, 113, Iceland. 



Morrhua americana, Storer, Hist. Fish Mass., 343, 1867. 



Gadus morrhua, Gunther, Cat., iv, 328, 1862; Goode & Bean, Oceanic Ichthyology, 354. 



2910. GADUS MACROCEPHALUS, Tilesius. 



(Alaska Codfish.) 



Head 3 in body; depth If. D. 13-18-16. A. 21-17; eye 6 in head; 

 maxillary 2i; highest dorsal ray 3; pectoral 2\; middle caudal rays 4. 

 Head large, the snout blunt; mouth large, the maxillary reaching to 

 below front of pupil, snout projecting beyond mouth, lower jaw included; 

 teeth strong, cardiform, in narrow bands on jaws and vomer; interor- 

 bital wide, li times wider than diameter of eye, very slightly convex. 

 Gill rakers moderate, about equal to pupil iu length, 3 -f- 17 in number. 

 Pectoral reaching to below end of first dorsal; ends of first dorsal rays 

 reaching second dorsal when fin is depressed; ventrals inserted in front of 

 base of pectorals in distance equal to diameter of eye ; veins under front of 

 second dorsal; caudal subtruncate. Color brownish, lighter below, back 

 and sides with numinous brownish spots; fins, with the exception of first 

 anal and ventrals, dusky. This species is very abundant in Bering Sea, 



*"We retain the name Gadus callarias, Linnffius for the codfish, instead of the com- 

 monly used name Gadus morhua, applied by Linnseus to the same species, because the 

 name Gadus callarias stands first on the page on which it occurs. To accord priority to 

 the name standing first is essential to fixity, and not the less so if the competing names 

 are of the same actual date, published by the same author. It is not justice nor elegance, 

 but fixity, which the rules of nomenclature aim to secure. 



