2882 Bulletin //, United States National Museum. 



ddd. Anal spines 3, never 2 nor 1 ; dorsal fin continuous or divided ; 

 vertebra' 24 to 35. 

 e. Vomer, and usually palatines also, with teeth. 

 /. Anal fin shorter than dorsal; head not everywhere covered with 

 rough scales; postocular part of head not shortened. 



CXLVI, Sekranid.k, 1126. 

 //'. Anal fin scarcely shorter than dorsal and similar to it; head and 

 body everywhere covered with rough scales; body deep, 

 compressed, the posterior part of head shortened. 



CXLVIII, Priacanthid.e, 1236. 

 ee. Vomer without teeth; dorsal fin continuous; body deep, com- 

 pressed CXLVIl, LonoTiD.K, 1235. 



J)h. Maxillary slipping for most of its length under the edge of the 

 preorbital, which forms a more or less distinct sheath ; 

 vcntrals with an accessory scale; opercle without spines; 

 maxillary without supplemental bone; anal spines 3, 

 rarely 2. 

 g. Fishes carnivorous; intestines of moderate length; teeth in jaws 



not all incisor-like; vertebne usually 24 or 25. 

 h. Vomer with teeth, these sometimes very small ; maxillary long. 



CXLIX, LUTIANIDyE, 1241. 



hh. Vomer without teeth ; palatines and tongue toothless. 

 i. Teeth on sides of jaws not molar; raaxillaries formed essentially 

 as in the Scrranidce; preopercle mostly serrate. 



CL, H.EMUiJDzE, 1289. 



ii Teeth on sides of jaws molar; maxillaries peculiar inform and 



in articulation ; anterior teeth conical or else more or 



less incisor-like; preoi»ercle entire.. .CLl, Spariixe, 1343. 



gg. Fishes herbivorous ; intestinal canal elongate; anterior teeth in 



jaws incisor-like; no molars or canines; pn'uiaxillaries 



moderately protractile CLI V, Kyi'UOSId.e, 1380. 



aa. Mackerel-like fishes, with the caudal peduncle usually very 

 slender, the fin widely forked, the scales various, usually 

 not ctenoid; the dorsal spines various, anal fin long. 

 j. Scales firm, linear, parchment-like; body compressed; bones of 

 head rough ; dorsal spines few ; mouth small. 



CXXXVIl, GrammtcolepididvE, 973. 

 jj. Scales not linear, mostly cycloid. 



ic. Dorsal spines numerous, most of them produced in long fila- 

 ments; pectorals very long..CXXlV, Xematistiid.e, 894. 

 kk. Dorsal spines mostly low, not more than 2 of them filamentous. 

 I. Dorsal fin very long, all the ravs soft; skeleton soft. 



CXXXVI, IcosTEiD.E. 968. 

 II. Dorsal fin with 3 or more spines. 

 m. Dorsal fin divided, the spines 6 to 12 in number. 

 n. Scales weak, cycloid; jaws without canines. 



CXXVIIl, NoMEiD.E, 948. 

 nn. Scales ciliate; jaws with canines. ..CXXVI, Pomatomid.e, 945. 

 ntm. Scales firm, each with a median ridge ; no canines. 



CXXXIIl, SteineCxERIid.e, 960. 

 mm. Dorsal spines 3 or 4, the fin not divided. 



0. Scales minute, body oblong, the shoulder girdle moderate. 



CXXXIV, Centrolophid.e, 962. 

 00. Scales rather large, firm; body broad, ovate, the shoulder girdle 



very strong CXXXII, Bramid.e, 956. 



BB. Body scaleless, smooth or armed with tubercles, prickles, or 

 scattered bony plates. 

 C Breast with a sucking disk. 



D. Uill membrane free from the isthmus; no spinous dorsal; a large 

 sucking disk between the ventral fins. 



CXCIX, GoBiEsociD.E, 2326. 



