234 JOHN B. SMITH. 



following Dr. Holland, niistakeu the type of Mr. Edwards' S. van- 

 coxiverensis for a small druplferarum, or more correctly had mistaken 

 a small drupiferarum for vancouverensis ; an error not difficult to 

 make by-the-bye. A specimen named by Mr. Edwards in Mr. 

 Hulst's collection first attracted my attention to a possible error, and 

 an examination of Mr. Bruce's series showed Mr. Grote to have been 

 correct in referring it to vashti Strk. The series showed more, how- 

 ever ; it proved that albescens Tepper, belongs to the same series, and 

 that the only character found by me to separate the two — the dusky 

 thorax of albescens — was not a specific one, but was seasonal. Mi'. 

 Bruce states that there are two annual broods, of which one is always 

 albescens and the other vashti {^vancouverensis). The synonymy must 

 be, therefore, coiTected to agree with this. 



The other point upon which Mr. Bruce's collection shed a quite 

 unex|>ected light was in regard to Smerinthus astarte Strk. From 

 Mr. Strecker's very good description I had concluded it must be 

 S. opMhalmicus ; afterward a single specimen in Mr. Graef's collec- 

 tion could not be separated from cerysii, and I so referred it in the 

 list of species in " Ent. Amer." vol. iv. p. 89. Mr. Bruce showed 

 me quite a series of astarte and ophthabaicus, and an undoubted 

 cerysii, and I have been compelled, unwillingly enough, to conclude 

 all three as forms of one species, the variations being geographical. 

 The difference in outline of primaries between cerysii and ophthal- 

 micus is marked, as is also the api)earauce of the t. j). lines, and I 

 certainly never expected to find any specific connection between the 

 two, though the genital structure is practically identical. The series 

 of astarte, largely bred, shown me by Mr. Bruce, was convincing. 

 A full series of intergrades so far as wing ihriw is concerned was 

 readily found, while no specimen had the t. p. lines so strongly lu- 

 nulated as in cerysii. This, however, is the only difi'erence that I can 

 find and the difference is not greater than is found in specimens of 

 T. inodesta. According to Mr. Bruce there are two broods of astarte 

 — the one pale corresponding to Mr. Edwards' variety pallidxdns of 

 ophthalmicus; the other, dark, corresponding to the type form. 

 Whether or not cerysii is double brooded we do not know. It is 

 difficult to class these forms as varieties, but we cannot call them 

 species. The synoymy of the species must be amended as shown in 

 the following list of species. 



These are all the points in which I have found reason to change 

 my conclusions. Mr. Bruce's collection of Hemaris indicates a new 



