54 JOHN B. SMITH. 



According to Mr. Lintner the sexes of Sphinges may be deter- 

 mined in the pupa state by the following characters, which are, how- 

 ever, not equally developed : 



% . — Eleventh segment inferiorly similar to the preceding, and its 

 posterior incision is not interrupted and rectilinear. On the twelfth 

 segment, occupying its full length, are two prominent elongated 

 granulations, divided by a deeply impressed line. Posterior to this 

 is the anal plate, having a central sulcus, with prominent margins, 

 with a suboval, smooth, depressed spot ; this is similar in both sexes. 



9 . — Eleventh segment inferiorly marked with an impressed medial 

 line, on each side of which, near the middle of the segment, is a sub- 

 oval, smooth spot, through which the impressed medial line is con- 

 tinued ; the intermediate incisui-e is interrupted by the sn)ooth spot, 

 and, in some species, is bent in an angle directed anteriorly. 



It may be interesting to give a brief review of the principal clas- 

 sifications heretofore proposed, which will supplement the rather 

 brief characterization given by me. 



The genus Sphinx was created by Linnaeus, in 1758, in the "Sys- 

 tema Naturse," and defined as follows : 



" Sphinx. — Antennce medio crassioresj. idraque extremitate attenuake, 

 subprismaticce. Ahe deflexcz {volatu graviore vespertinof. matutino). 



This genus he divides into four groups as follows : 

 Legitime alis angidatis. 



" alis integris, ano simplici. 



" alis integris ano barbate. 



Adsc;it^e habitu el larva diversw. 



In that general term Sphinx were included all the forms known to 

 Linnaeus belonging to the present families Sphingidce, Sesiidce and 

 Zygcenidm. The first and second divisions associate tolerably con- 

 gruous species ; the third contains a mixture ol SphingicUe and Sesii- 

 dce, while the fourth has nothing to hold it together save that the 

 species do not belong to either of the foregoing divisions. 



No changes were made by Linne in this classification in his subse- 

 quent writings. 



Fabricius, in 1775, in the " Systema Entomologire" divides the 

 insects into eight classes, corresponding practically to the Linnaean 

 orders, but with different names. The Lepidoptera are here the 

 Glossata ( Os palp is linguaque spiralis). The Linnaean generic terms 

 and divisions are retained and somewhat elaborated, while several 

 new terms are proposed. 



