NORTH AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA. 85 



From my study of the family it appears to me that there are at 

 least two very distinct series leading either from or to the Bom- 

 bycidce. The one seems to show an affinity to the PUlodonts through 

 Ellema and allies, and forms a very complete chain to the immense 

 forms of typical Sphinx. This is a rather distinctive series with ap- 

 parently few aberratic forms, but some branches toward the Choero- 

 campince. The other seems to find closer allies in the Satuniiidce 

 through Cressonia to the most typical Smerinthince. The affinities of 

 this group are strongly with the Choerocampince, to which a tolerably 

 complete chain, with Deidamia in a prominent place, can be con- 

 structed, though not from our fauna. Even to the Macroglossidoe, 

 forms like Ardonottis show distinct relationships, while the Chcero- 

 campinui and Macroglossince are so closely related that it would not 

 be at all difficult to complete the chain from a general study of the 

 entire fauna. 



In our fauna we may expect to discover little more in the way of 

 new species. The high western plateaus and the mountain ranges 

 there, may give us a few more inconspicuous species probably be- 

 longing to the genus Sphinx, or belonging at least to the subfamily. 

 Yet how long a species may escape observation is illustrated by 

 Sphinx cupressi, which was figured by Abbot many years ago, and 

 has only been taken again in 1887. 



There are few^ families, too, in which the larval history is so gen- 

 erally known. The larvae are large, easily discovered, and, as a rule, 

 not difficult to raise. Of the few of which we have no descriptions 

 quite a fair proportion have been bred, but no history published. 



In Prof. Riley's unpublished notes is a vast deal of information 

 on the early stages of many of our species. This it has pi'oved im- 

 possible to incorporate here at present, and will be the subject of a 

 memoir by the professor at an early date. 



In tabular form the kSj)hingida3 divide as follows : 



Autemife distinctly clubbed at tip xllacroglossiiise. 



Aiiteuiiaj not distinctly clubbed, usually fusiform. 

 Tongue long and strong. 



Primaries with outer margin sinuate or angulate C'licerocanipinse. 



Primaries with outer margin even ^phiiigidce §. 



Tongue weak and short. 



Primaries with outer margin even Splliiigiiise |?. 



Primaries angulated auddentated Siiieriiitliiiite. 



