AMERICAN COLEOPTERA. 118 



late-punctate" means that the surface is rougliened with raised points 

 as well as with depressed punctures. " Semi punctate" refers to the 

 form found in pulchra where merely the anterior half is punctate. 

 In addition to the punctures some species have some fovese usually 

 green at base. 



The sexes in Cicindela may be known as follows : 



S . — Three joints of anterior tarsi dilated, with short silky pubes- 

 cence beneath ; last ventral segment broadly emarginate ; middle tibiae 

 pubescent on the outer side. 



9 . — Anterior tarsi slender; last ventral longer than in the male, 

 slightly compressed at the sides, posterior half with a longitudinal 

 impression varying in depth ; middle tibiae glabrous. 



Tliese differences apply to all the species ; in some groups the 

 mandibles, the labrum, the thorax and the elytra are sexually 

 modified, and these will be noted in dealing with each group. 



In arranging the forms before me, I have regarded as species those 

 forms which differed notably in structural characters, and as races 

 or varieties those in which differences in color or marking accom- 

 panied a difference in geographical distribution. In some cases 

 where a color difference has already received a name I have pre- 

 served it, believing that less confusion will result from such preserv- 

 ation than by the suppression of a name which may not be strictly 

 justified. 



Markings. — In describing these I have followed Schaupp's phrase 

 ology, viz. : apical lunule, middle band, humeral lunule, for the 

 complete markings ; basal dot, humeral dot, post humeral dot, mar- 

 ginal dot, submarginal or supplementary dot, subapical dot, apical 

 dot, for the completely broken markings. 



Hibernation. — Before proceeding with the description of the spe- 

 cies, I have to speak of the dates at which the Cicindelidae appear in 

 this neigliborhood. Mr. Wm. T. Davis and I find repanda on the first 

 warm sunny days in Spring ; we find other species also in April, and 

 all of these early appearing species continue with us until midsummer 

 when they disappear, and for two months (July and August) are 

 either entirely missing or very scarce. In September they reappear 

 and remain with us until late in the Fall. Other species, dor.salis, 

 for example, can be found only in July and August. These facts 

 have led us to speak of the first named species as " double-brooded," 

 and the midsummer dorsalis as "single-brooded." But Mr. Wenzel 



TKANS. AM. ENT. SOC, XXVIII. (15) MARCH, 1902. 



