and a CarpolUefrom Nova Scotia, 



107 



imperfect condition of these trunks sujQSciently remarkable to 

 merit a short notice. 



The specimen measures 3 feet in height, and is 10:J- inches in 

 diameter at the base, 9 inches in the middle, and 7^ inches at the 

 top, where it was abruptly broken oflf. (Fig. 1.) At the base it shows 

 the usual tendency to divide into four main roots ; but these hare 

 been nipped off or flattened by pressure, not having been filled 

 with sediment. The trunk retains its form on one side, but on the 

 other the bark has been rent from top to bottom, and in part 

 folded inward. This seems to have been caused by the pressure 



Fig. 1. 



Fig. 2. 



of the surrounding sediment, and has probably somewhat dimin- 

 ished the diameter of the stem. The interior of the trunk is 

 filled with grey sandstone, similar to that of the enclosing bed. 

 The outer bark, less than a line in thickness, is in the state of 

 bituminous coal ; and an internal cast with a thin coaly envelope 

 represents the pith. This internal cast extends through the great- 

 er part of the length, but has fallen to one side. It is only half 

 an inch in diameter. The coaly matter remaining on its surface 

 shows, when prepared with nitric acid, cellular structure ; and 

 traces of transverse Sternbergian markings remain in parts of it, 

 so that it must not be regarded as the woody aziSy which has di^ 

 appeared, but merely as the pith-cylinder. 



The leaf-scars and other surface markings are preserved throogh- 

 outthe specimen, but only in a few places in suflScient perfection 

 to show the more minute features of the former. At the upper 



