in Norway and in Canada. 19 



band is uncertain ; looking to the character of the mineral, which 

 contains nickel and cobalt equivalent to 0*55 per cent of the 

 oxides of these metals, I think it is very probable. The cobalti- 

 ferous pyrites of Brockville seems, on the other hand, to be an in- 

 dependent deposit, seeing that it occurs in such extraordinary 

 quantity. I found the compact variety to contain metallic cobalt 

 corresponding to 0.50 per cent cobalt oxide. This result was con- 

 firmed by Mr. Himt, who found O'o2 per cent. In the neighbour- 

 hood of the copper mine of Escott, I found no traces of anything 

 resembling fahlbands, so that I am inclined to parallelize this 

 locality with the pyritiferous deposits above described as oc- 

 curring at Meinkier and Lyngdalselven, independent of the fahl- 

 bands. In no particular does the Laurentian formation so much 

 resemble the primitive gneiss formation of Norway, as in containing 

 those enormous deposits of magnetic iron ore, which occur in the 

 townships of Madoc, Marmora, Crosby, Hull, (fee. In extent 

 however, the Canadian deposits far surpass the Norwegian. 

 In like manner, the deposits of titaniferous iron of Bay 

 St. Paul far surpass .in extent those of Snarum and Ekeisund. 

 The phosphate of lime of Burgess and Elinsley, differs from the 

 deposits of the same mineral in Norway, in being associated with 

 crystalline limestone, and in occurring in far greater quantities. 



I have thus endeavoured, as far as my knowledge of Canadian 

 geology permits, to parallelize the various features of the Lauren- 

 tian and primitive gneiss formations. Doubtless many who are 

 more intimntely acquainted with the geology of this country will 

 be able to recognize further points of resemblance, and in view of 

 this possibiUty, I have described the Norwegian formation at 

 greater lengih. I shall be guided by the same considerations in 

 describing the two other groups of rocks which I have yet to 

 compare with their Canadian equivalents. I cannot however 



elude triclinic feldspars, and thus pass into diallagic dolerite or gabbro. 

 The feldspathic rocks of the Laurentian system, above referred to, consist 

 of labradorite, andesine, or some relatedfeldspar, and often include pyrox- 

 ene, which from a variety like sahlite, passes into hyperstheneaud dial- 

 lage, giving rise to hypersthenite, and to the incorrectly named gabbro 

 and euphotide of most modern lithologists. The rock from Kongsberg, 

 as above described by Dahll, except in the substitution of hornblende 

 for pyroxene, agrees closely with a variety of diallagic dolerite common 

 in the Laurentian series. For further illustrations of this subject, 

 see a paper on Euphotide and Saussurite, in Silliman's Journal of Science 

 for March 1859. 



