ART. 12. MASKELL GENERA OF COCCIDAE MORRISON. 3 



definite basis for description or diagnosis, have influenced the limita- 

 tion noted. As Maskell has in most cases described the superficial 

 appearance of the insects named by him quite fully, this phase of each 

 species has also been very largely ignored, and special emphasis has 

 been laid on the morphological characteristics in the following de- 

 scriptions, which are to that extent supplemental to those of Maskell. 



Many of the opinions regarding the classification of the Coccidae 

 expressed by Maskell in the course of his work appear to be excellent, 

 and it can only be regretted that he did not correlate such ideas with 

 a much higher degree of accuracy in the course of his descriptive 

 studies. It is certainly safe to state that a majority of the Maskell 

 descriptions which have been examined in the course of this work 

 contain actual errors, not of omission, but of statement of anatomical 

 fact, these occurring so frequently that it has not been considered 

 desirable to call attention in the body of a description to the fact 

 that Maskell described a sti'ucture as having certain characteristics, 

 while these prove on reexamination to be different. Therefore, where 

 the following descriptions differ in detail from those of Maskell it 

 may be accepted as a rule that due consideration has been given to 

 Maskell's statements and that the differences result from a study 

 of specimens of the species involved. Besides this, as will be noted 

 in the cases of Erium and Anoplaspis, Maskell has confused other 

 coccidologists by misidentifying specimens examined by him, and by 

 sending out such incorrectly determined specimens as examples of 

 species described by him. 



In some instances the Maskell material has been so scant that it 

 has been necessary to rely upon recent redescriptions of the species 

 in question for more or less of the information given. In other cases, 

 from the same cause, it has been necessary to supplement the Maskell 

 specimens with others evidently of the same species from other 

 sources. Wherever it has been possible, however, the following de- 

 scriptions and figures have been prepared from Maskell's type ma- 

 terial. The genera and species described here are listed in the order 

 given in the Fernald Catalogue of the AVorld, 1903, although in many 

 cases a different position within the family from that given in this 

 catalogue has been indicated. For compactness no references given 

 in that catalogue are repeated, and only those subsequent to it that 

 appear to have a definite bearing on the genus involved. 



It is hoped that this paper will be the first of a series discussing the 

 species of this very important collection. 



Thirty-seven genera and subgenera are described and discussed in 

 tlie following pages, besides which it has been necessary to describe 

 one new species. Wherever possible, the writers have added notes on 

 the species other than the type which have been included in a genus. 



