COLLECTING AND PKKSKKVINC INSECTS- — BANKS. 



31 



there are two such pieces, the lower one much the Larger, the Calypte- 

 ratae. The Acalypterae includes many families of flies, mostly small 

 and bristly. Some of them, like the ( )rt alidae and Trypetidae (fig. 60), 

 have spotted or banded wings. Their lar- 

 vae occur in all sorts of places; some, like 

 the apple maggot and the orange maggot, 

 in fruit; others, like the frit fly, affect 

 grams; others mine the leaves of plants, 

 and many live in manure, or in moist soil. 

 The Calypteratae include the Tachina 

 (figs. 61, 157) and Sarcophaga flies, with a 

 bristly abdomen, the larvae of which usu- 

 ally are parasitic in other insects. The 

 Anthomyidae are smaller, and their larvae 

 often attack vegetables. The cabbage 

 maggot belongs to this family. The (Es- 

 tridae (bot or warble flies) (fig. 62) are hairy speeies whose larvae live 

 in various animals, sometimes in man. The true Muscidae (fig. 63) 

 include the hornfly, blowfly, house fly, stable fly, screw-worm fly 



(fig. 142), etc. Many of them are 

 injurious to man or animals. The 

 African tsetse flies are responsible 

 for the Nagana disease of cattle, 

 and the sleeping sickness of man. 

 The ubiquitous house fly is one of 

 the most dangerous insects, since 

 it is known to assist in the spread 



Fig. 61.— A Tachina fly, Archytas 

 rruvENTRis. 



Fig. 62. 



-A BOT-FLY, CUTEREBRA 

 CUNICULI. 



of typhoid fever and possibly other 

 diseases. The larvae of a consider- 

 able number are occasionally swal- 

 lowed by man with food. Such 

 are the Sarcophaga, blowfly, and 

 the fruit worms, and may cause 

 slight intestinal troubles. This false 

 or pseudoparasitism of dipterous 

 larvae in man is called "myiasis." 



(4) The Pupipara occur on birds, bats, and domestic animals. 

 Many are wingless, all rather flattened, with large, strong claws. The 

 young are produced alive, full grown, but have to pass through the 

 pupal stage. 



FlG.63. -A BLUE-BO I I : I PL1 



A Ml -Ml.. 



LUCILIA CESAR, 



