COLLECTING AND PRESERVING INSECTS BANKS. 



15 



Fig. 23.— Adult and young of a leafhopper, 

 or Jassid, Oncometopia lateralis. 



To this suborder belongs the cicada (fig. 25), or ^locust," whose 

 shrill voice is a familiar sound in summer. They are the largest 

 insects of this suborder, and many 

 of the tropical forms are of beauti- 

 ful coloration. One of these cica- 

 das, the seventeen - year form, 

 spends seventeen years under 

 ground as a young insect, and 

 then issues in great numbers. 

 The tropical lanternfly, of the 

 family Fulgqridse (see fig. 147), is 

 also a member of this group. 



The suborder Phytophthires 

 includes many small insects known 

 as plant-lice or aphids, and scale 

 insects or coccids. Their antennae are long, without apical bristle, 

 and their wings are filmy. The plant-lice (family Aphidse) occur in 

 great numbers on many plants and are a familiar 

 nuisance to the growers of flowers and indoor plants. 

 They have a winged and a wingless stage, and they 

 increase largely by a sort of budding process with- 

 out depositing eggs. Plant-lice (fig. 26) include 

 some of our most destructive insects, as the grape 

 Phylloxera, hop aphis, and apple aphis. Many 

 a, side view; b, top species live on different plants at different por- 

 tions of their lives. The Psyllidae (fig. 148), or 

 jumping plant-lice, are similar to the plant-lice, but rarely occur in 

 such numbers and always increase by the deposition of eggs, as 

 do most other insects. 

 Some of them produce 

 galls. The Coccidae, or 

 scale insects (fig. 149), 

 includes the notorious 

 San Jose scale, mealy 

 bugs (fig. 27), and other 

 similar forms. In these 

 the male only is winged, 

 and then with but one 

 pair, while the female 

 remains attached to the 

 twig or leaf, a mere pro- 

 tuberance with little re- 

 semblance to an ordi- 

 nary insect. The male, unlike other Hemiptera, passes through a com- 

 plete metamorphosis. The adult male has no mouth-parts and does 

 not feed, while the female has a long flexible beak with whichshe sucks 



Fig. 24.— A tree-hop- 

 per, or Membracid, 

 Ceresa bubalus: 



Fig. 25.— The 17-year locust, Tibicen septendecim: a. With 

 wings spread; 6, with folded wtngs; c, nymph. 



