MOLLUSCOIDS. 149 



Cellaria aiticuiata Smitt, ex Fabricins. 

 Salicornaria borealis Busk. 



Cellaria borealis Smitt, Ofversigt af Kougl. Vet.-Akad. Fijrli. 1867, p. 361, tab. 

 XX, fig. 17, 1867. 

 On Halocyntliia rtistica, attached to roots of Laminaria. 

 Head of Cumberland Gulf, May 19, 1878, lot 592. Some of the 

 specimens are very youug, with only a single clavate joint ; others are 

 nearly two inches high, and beginning to branch. 



Membranipora Sopliiae Busk. 



With the last (lot 592). Also from Annanactook Harbor, May 19, 

 1878j on roots of Laminaria, 7 fathoms. 



Jjscharina ansata (Johnst.) Gray. 



Mollia vulgaris, forma ansata Smitt, Oversigt af Kongl. Veteiiskaps-Akad. Forh. 

 1867, p. 14, tab. xxv, f. 78-83, 1867. 



Several specimens occurred on the roots of Laminaria, 7 fathoms, An- 

 nanactook Harbor, May 19, 1878 (lot 597). Some agree with the var. 

 ansata Smitt {Lepralia ansata Johnst.), but in most cases there are well- 

 developed calcareous papillce near the sides of the apertures as in the 

 var. papillata. 



I adopt the generic name Escliarina given by Milne Edwards to a 

 groui>, including the present species, in 1835 (in Lamarck, An. sans 

 Vert., ed. 2, vol. ii, pp. 218, 230), and for which he cited as tJie type E. 

 vulgaris (Moll.). Dr. Gray (List Brit. Animals in British Museum, p. 

 ^24, 1848) also restricted the name to the same and closely allied spe- 

 cies. Dr. Smitt, however, united this group with HippotJwa, which 

 seems to be a sufficienty distinct genus. 



The restricted genus Escharina, as I limit it, is characterized by the 

 weU-marked median sinus of the apertures of the zoaecia, together with 

 the lateral avicularia, usually develoi)ed near one or both sides of the 

 apertures. The mode of growth is usually Lepralia-like, but may also 

 be Escharine. It is therefore equivalent, or nearly so, to the genns 

 JSchizoporella, recently proposed by Hincks for the same typical species. 



The genus Escharoides, proposed by Edwards in the same work, has 

 also been incorrectly nsed by some writers; for although Gray re- 

 stricted it, in 1848, to one of the original species, E. coccinca (Abildg.), 

 thus making it equivalent, in part, to Discopora Smith, the last-named 

 writer has applied it to a group, typified by E. rosacea, not included by 

 Edwards. As the name should be restored, in accordance with Gray's 

 limitation, I have proposed elsewhere the name Escharopsis, ns a substi- 

 tute for Escharoidcs of Smitt, including two Northern Atlantic species 



