BIRDS. . 103 



76. PufSnus major, (Briss.) Faber. 



Abundant from Belle Isle to Eesolution Island. Not observed in 

 Cumberland. 



77. Colymbus torquatus, Liuu. 



"Toodlik," Cumberland Eskimo and Greenlanders. 



Quite common in Cumberland, where it breeds. Saw no ipecimens 

 that approached the variety adamsi. 



78. Colymbus arcticus, Linu. 



" Codlulik," Cumberland Eskimo. 

 Not common, but breeds in Kingwah Fjord. First specimen shot June 

 24. Saw a few in autumn near Grinnell Bay. Not found in North 

 Greenland according to Governor Fencker. 



79. Colymbus septentrionalis, Liuu. 



"Kuksuk," Cumberland Eskimo. "Karksauk," Greenlanders. 

 Very common in all the localities visited by me. Begins nesting in 

 the upper Cumberland waters in the latter j^art of June. The nest is 

 placed on the low rocks with very little grass and moss beneath the 

 eggs. They are very noisy, especially during the mating season. Do 

 not leave as long as there is open water. 



80. Utamania torda, Leacb. 



" Akparnak," Greenlanders. 

 Was seen on many occasions and often in close proximity to the ship 

 from the outer islands of the Middle Labrador coast to Frobisher Straits. 

 They were often noticed considerable distances from land. Are not 

 found in Cumberland, but by no means rare on the entire west coast of 

 Greenland to latitude 69° N. Off the North Labrador coast I noticed 

 on several occasions a small auk (?) intermediate in size between Iler- 

 gulus (die and Uria grylle, with much the same pattern of coloration as 

 the former, but with tufts or plumes of white feathers on the head. I 

 saw some with single young, and at one time killed three at a single 

 discharge ; but the ship was under such headway that the sailor sta- 

 tioned on the waist could not reach them with his pole and net. The 

 bird is entirely unknown to me, but I suspect it will be found to be one 

 of the smaU auks hitherto supposed to belong only to the North Pacific. 



81. Frateroula arctica, (L.) 111. 



" Killaugak," Greenlanders. 

 Observed abundantly in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and thence north- 

 ward to Hudson's Straits. Not known to the Cumberland Eskimo; 

 but common on the Greenland coast to 70c> N. at least. Breeds plenti- 



