1356 Bulletin 4-7, United States National Museum. 



1730. CALAMUS MEDIUS (Poey). 



Head 3^; depth 2i ; scales ?-46-?. D. XII, 12; A. Ill, 10. Body sub- 

 eliptical, rather elongate, deepest at front of dorsal, the anterior profile 

 rather strongly convex, the curve continuous from snout to middle of 

 dorsal. Preorbital not deep, its depth 24^ in head; pectoral short, li in 

 head; canines 5^, moderate, equal. Color olivaceous, with darker cross 

 bands; preorbital plain; ventrals dark; a dark axillary spot; a blue 

 subocular band. West Indies, here descri))ed from a specimen from Havana 

 (21838, M. Z. C), 15 inches long. The species is allied to C. penna, differ- 

 ing in the more elongate form, (medins, medium.) 



Grammatevs medius, Poet, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. 1872, 183, pi. 7, fig. 4, Havana; 



PoEY, Enumeratio, 56, 1875. 

 Calamus medius, Jordan & Feslee, I. c, 514. 



553. PAGRUS, Cuvier. 

 (European Porgies.) 



Pagrus, Cuvier, Kegiie Animal, Ed. i, 272, 1817 (argeiiteus = paf/rus) . 



Body oblong, compressed, covered with large scales. Head large; pre- 

 oj^ercle entire; opercle not armed. Mouth rather small, terminal, low, the 

 anterior teeth in the jaws card i form, the outer series of teeth generally 

 enlarged, canine-lilce, not compressed, the teeth behind the canines slender 

 and acute. Both jaws with 2 or 3 series of rounded molar teeth, which 

 are sometimes irregularly mixed with slender teeth ; no teeth on vomer or 

 palatines. Posterior nostril oblong, not slit-like, much larger than ante- 

 rior. Dorsal rather low, the spines about 12 in number, depressible in a 

 groove; anal spines moderate, the second not greatly develojied; second 

 interha-mal spine not pen-shaped ; no antrorse dorsal spine ; supraoccipital 

 crest coaleseent with temporal crests. Caudal fin forked; air bladder 

 simple; gill rakers short ; brunchiostegals6; intestinal canal short; pyloric 

 ccecafew. Carnivorous fishes, mostly of Europe and Africa. This genus 

 is close to the Euro])ean genus S2}anis (Sparus aurata L.^^Aurata Eisso = 

 Chrysohlephus Cuvier), with wliich it agrees in the skeletal characters, 

 differing chiefly in the larger scales, slenderer body, and narrower bands 

 of teeth. The genera are probably distinct, butthe characters of division 

 have not yet been fully indicated.* {Ttdypoz, porgy, the ancient name. ) 

 1731. PAGRUS PAGRUS (Linna;u8). 

 (Red Porgy ; Besugo; Pargo Colorado.) 



D. XI, 12, or XII, 11 or 10; A. Ill, 8; scales 6 (9) -53 to 56-13. Body 

 oblong, the back moderately elevated, the profile parabolic; preorbital 



* Cuvier recognized 2 genera: Pagrus with the molar teeth in 2 series, and Sparus 

 (Chrysophrys) with the molars in 3 or more. This character has not much importance, 

 and Steindachner lias proposed to substitute for it the following: 



Sparus: Teeth behind the canines with the apex rounded, granulated, or globose; 

 molars in 2 or more series. 



Pagrus : Teeth behind the canines acute, suhulate, or setaceous ; molars in 2 or more 

 series. 



Although in general appearance /•iparus aurata and Pagrus pagrus difler considerably, 

 and also considerably from other aberrant species, as Chrysohlephus gibbiceps and Argt/rops 

 sinnifer, there is no important difference in the skull or skeleton, and all may perhaps be 

 referable to a single genus, Sparus. 



