Jordan and Evcrmann. — Fishes of North America. 1465 



590. UMBRINA, Cuvier. 



JJmbrina, Cuvier, Kegne Animal, Ed. i, 297, 1817 (eirrosa; Scicena L. being restricted to 

 Scicena umbra, a Linna?an, and to Scicena aqxiila, a non-Linnsean species). 



Scicena, Bleeker,* Poissons de la Goto de Guinue, 66, 1862 (eirrosa; not the earliest re- 

 striction to a Linnsean type). 



Body moderately elongate; back somewhat arched. Head oblong, with 

 the snout thick and protuberant; mouth almost horizontal, of moderate 

 size; preoperculum with its l)ony margin finely serrate; lower jaw with a 

 single thickish barbel. Teeth in villiform bands, the outermost in the 

 upper jaw somewhat enlarged. Anterior dorsal with about 10 spines; anal 

 fin with 2 spines, the second not very small. Caudal lunate or truncate. 

 Gill rakers normal, but short. Air bladder well developed. This genus 

 contains a considerable number of species, most of them being American. 

 It agrees with Sciana in nearly all respects, excepting the presence at the 

 chin of a short, thick barbel. A similar barbel is found in the genus Men- 

 ticirrhus, but notwithstanding the fact that all European writers have 

 confounded jl/eH<Ui)T/iHS with Umh-iua, the two genera are not really very 

 closely related, (n)iihra, shade; the name umbra was used for the typical 

 species by early Avriters, being equivalent to Sviwna.) 



TJsrBRINA : 



a. Dorsal rays only X-I, 25? no cross bands? broussonetii, 1848. 



aa. Dorsal rays X-I, 26 to 29; serrte of preoperclo slender, not notably flattened. 



b. Body with about 9 dark vertical cross bands, besides narrow undulating 

 streaks along the rows of scales ; second anal spine 2J in head ; pectorals If. 



COROIDES, 1849. 

 66. Body without dark cross bands, the rows of scales above with distinct undu- 

 lating streaks, 

 c. Snout bluntish, short, 3 J in head; serra; of preopercle comparatively 

 numerous and strong, siibterete; body rather slender; the dark 

 streaks strongly marked ; fins largely yellow. roncador, 1850. 



cc. Snout longer than eye, 3 to 3h in head; preopercle distinctly serrate. 



d. Second anal spine large, 2 in head; profile straight, moderately 

 steep; snout rather acute; eye 4J in head; mouth small, in- 

 ferior, the maxillary reaching middle of orbit, its length 2i in 

 head; dark streaks on scales strongly marked. 

 e. Gill cavity pale; scales 5-48; second anal spine 2 in head. 



XANTI, 1851. 

 ee. Gill cavity dark; scales 7-51; second anal spine 2J in head. 



SINALO^, 1852. 



d(l. Second anal spino short and thickish, 3 in head. Back elevated, 



the anterior iirofile steep and rather convex ; snout blunt, much 



protruding; mouth small, horizontal; the maxillary reaching 



just past pupil, 8 in head; eye 5 in head; streaks on scales 



obscure. galapagorum, 1853. 



aaa. Dorsal rays X-I, 30 to 33 ; preopercle with its edge weakly crenulate; mouth rather 



large, subterminal; maxillary reaebing posterior border of pupil, 2^ iu head; 



second dorsal spine highest, 2 in head ; soft rays high ; second anal spine 2 in 



head; pectorals slightly shorter than ventrals, which are 1| in head; dark 



streaks faint. dorsalis, 1854. 



* " Je note ici que I'esp^ce typique du genre Scicena Art. etant I'Vinbriiia eirrosa CV., 



le nom de Scicena devra etre applique aux especes dont Cuvier a fait des Umbrina, et ne 



pourra plus etre employe dans le sens de Cuvier. Ni M. Giinther ni M. Gill, dans leurs 



travaux sur les Scienoides, paraisseut avoir fait attention a ce que le nom gentrique d' Ar- 



No. 47, pt. 2 15 



